Optical Frequency Measurement of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">S</mml:mi><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mn>12</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">D</mml:mi></mml:math>Transitions in Hydrogen and Deuterium: Rydberg Constant and Lamb Shift Determinations

Schwob, Catherine; Jozefowski, L.; Beauvoir, B. de; Hilico, Laurent; Nez, F.; Julién, L.; Biraben, F.; Acef, O.; Zondy, J.‐J.; Clairon, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.4960

Cited by 215 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…These include microwave Lamb shift [605] measurements [619,620] performed using the separated oscillatory field method of Ramsay [621], as well as optical 2S-nS/D transitions in hydrogen [161,162,610,[622][623][624]) (for some reason, always with even values of n). It is clear from this figure that the spread of all the individual measurements that go into the final value is considerably larger than the apparent eventual discrepancy, which implies that even if a small systematic error in these measurements exists, it could be sufficient to resolve the puzzle.…”

Section: Precision Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental progress in positronium laser physics

2018

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Abstract. The field of experimental positronium physics has advanced significantly in the last few decades, with new areas of research driven by the development of techniques for trapping and manipulating positrons using Surko-type buffer gas traps. Large numbers of positrons (typically ≥10 6 ) accumulated in such a device may be ejected all at once, so as to generate an intense pulse. Standard bunching techniques can produce pulses with ns (mm) temporal (spatial) beam profiles. These pulses can be converted into a dilute Ps gas in vacuum with densities on the order of 10 7 cm −3 which can be probed by standard ns pulsed laser systems. This allows for the efficient production of excited Ps states, including long-lived Rydberg states, which in turn facilitates numerous experimental programs, such as precision optical and microwave spectroscopy of Ps, the application of Stark deceleration methods to guide, decelerate and focus Rydberg Ps beams, and studies of the interactions of such beams with other atomic and molecular species. These methods are also applicable to antihydrogen production and spectroscopic studies of energy levels and resonances in positronium ions and molecules. A summary of recent progress in this area will be given, with the objective of providing an overview of the field as it currently exists, and a brief discussion of some future directions.

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Section: Precision Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental progress in positronium laser physics

2018

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“…I]. They are motivated by the dramatically increasing precision of laser spectrocopy [14,15,16,17], which is rapidly approaching the 1 Hz level of accuracy. For the determination of fundamental constants from high-resolution spectroscopy, frequency measurements of at least two different transitions have to be performed.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptotic Properties of Self-Energy Coefficients

et al. 2003

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We investigate the asymptotic properties of higher-order binding corrections to the one-loop selfenergy of excited states in atomic hydrogen. We evaluate the historically problematic A60 coefficient for all P states with principal quantum numbers n ≤ 7 and D states with n ≤ 8 and find that a satisfactory representation of the n-dependence of the coefficients requires a three-parameter fit. For the high-energy contribution to A60, we find exact formulas. The results obtained are relevant for the interpretation of high-precision laser spectrocopic measurements.PACS numbers: PACS numbers 12.20. Ds, 31.30.Jv, 06.20.Jr, Bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED) occupies a unique position in theoretical physics in that it combines all conceptual intricacies of modern quantum field theories, augmented by the peculiarities of bound states, with the experimental possibilities of ultra-high resolution laser spectroscopy. Calculations in this area have a long history, and the current status of theoretical predictions is the result of continuous effort. The purpose of this Letter is twofold: first, to present improved evaluations of higher-order binding corrections to the bound-state self-energy for a large number of atomic states, including highly excited states with a principal quantum number as high as n = 8, and second, to analyze the asymptotic dependence of the analytic results on the bound-state quantum numbers. Highly-excited states (e.g, with n = 4 to 12) are of particular importance for high-precision spectroscopy experiments in hydrogen (for a summary, see for instance [1, p. 371]). In the analytic calculations, we focus on a specific higher-order binding correction, known as the A 60 coefficient or "relativistic Bethe logarithm." We write the (real part of the) one-loop self-energy shift of an electron in the field of a nucleus of charge number Z aswhere F (nl j , Zα) is a dimensionless quantity. In this Letter, we use natural units withh = c = m = 1 and e 2 = 4πα (m is the electron mass). The notation nl j is inspired by the usual spectroscopic nomenclature: n is the level number, j is the total angular momentum and l is the orbital angular momentum. The semi-analytic expansion of F (nl j , Zα) about Zα = 0 for a general atomic state with quantum numbers n, l ≥ 1 and j gives rise to the expression, F (nl j , Zα) = A 40 (nl j ) + (Zα) 2 A 61 (nl j ) ln(Zα) −2

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“…Combined with the ongoing experiment at Garching, which is aimed at measuring the 1S-2S transition in He + [63], the experiment planned at the Paul Scherrer Institute to measure the muonic helium ion Lamb shift (mHe + ) may illuminate the proton radius conundrum [64]. A determination of the [58], (e) from Berkeland et al [59], (f ) from Bourzeix et al [60] combined with Arnoult et al [53], (g) from de Beauvoir et al [24], (h) from Schwob et al [61], and (i) from Arnoult et al [53]). The double line corresponds to the uncertainty of the proton radius determination obtained from muonic hydrogen spectroscopy.…”

Section: (D) Rydberg Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the proton radius a player in the redefinition of the International System of Units?

Nez

Antognini

Amaro

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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International audienceIt is now recognized that the International System of Units (SI units) will be redefined in terms of fundamental constants, even if the date when this will occur is still under debate. Actually, the best estimate of fundamental constant values is given by a least-squares adjustment, carried out under the auspices of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) Task Group on Fundamental Constants. This adjustment provides a significant measure of the correctness and overall consistency of the basic theories and experimental methods of physics using the values of the constants obtained from widely differing experiments. The physical theories that underlie this adjustment are assumed to be valid, such as quantum electrodynamics (QED). Testing QED, one of the most precise theories is the aim of many accurate experiments. The calculations and the corresponding experiments can be carried out either on a boundless system, such as the electron magnetic moment anomaly, or on a bound system, such as atomic hydrogen. The value of fundamental constants can be deduced from the comparison of theory and experiment. For example, using QED calculations, the value of the fine structure constant given by the CODATA is mainly inferred from the measurement of the electron magnetic moment anomaly carried out by Gabrielse's group. (Hanneke et al. 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 120801) The value of the Rydberg constant is known from two-photon spectroscopy of hydrogen combined with accurate theoretical quantities. The Rydberg constant, determined by the comparison of theory and experiment using atomic hydrogen, is known with a relative uncertainty of 6.6 x 10(-12). It is one of the most accurate fundamental constants to date. A careful analysis shows that knowledge of the electrical size of the proton is nowadays a limitation in this comparison. The aim of muonic hydrogen spectroscopy was to obtain an accurate value of the proton charge radius. However, the value deduced from this experiment contradicts other less accurate determinations. This problem is known as the proton radius puzzle. This new determination of the proton radius may affect the value of the Rydberg constant R-infinity. This constant is related to many fundamental constants; in particular, R-infinity links the two possible ways proposed for the redefinition of the kilogram, the Avogadro constant N-A and the Planck constant h. However, the current relative uncertainty on the experimental determinations of N-A or h is three orders of magnitude larger than the 'possible' shift of the Rydberg constant, which may be shown by the new value of the size of the proton radius determined from muonic hydrogen. The proton radius puzzle will not interfere in the redefinition of the kilogram. After a short introduction to the properties of the proton, we will describe the muonic hydrogen experiment. There is intense theoretical activity as a result of our observation. A brief summary of possible theoretical explanations at the date of writing of the pap...

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Optical Frequency Measurement of the2S−12DTransitions in Hydrogen and Deuterium: Rydberg Constant and Lamb Shift Determinations

Cited by 215 publications

References 24 publications

Experimental progress in positronium laser physics

Experimental progress in positronium laser physics

Asymptotic Properties of Self-Energy Coefficients

Is the proton radius a player in the redefinition of the International System of Units?

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