Optical imaging of localized chemical events using programmable diamond quantum nanosensors

Rendler, Torsten; Neburková, Jitka; Zemek, Ondřej; Kotek, Jan; Zappe, Andrea; Chu, Zhiqin; Cígler, Petr; Wrachtrup, Jörg

doi:10.1038/ncomms14701

Cited by 161 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…All FNDs were fabricated from HPHT bulk material. Samples fabricated in the Cigler lab were sourced from one commercial supplier and irradiated with electrons (e − ), protons (p + ), and with He 2+ + Li + particles generated from 10 B by neutron capture (He 2+ ) . The last, recently reported procedure is in principle different from the traditional irradiation methods based on exposure of nanodiamond layers to beams of accelerated particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Not All Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Are Created Equal: A Comparative Study

Reineck

Trindade

Havlík

et al. 2019

Part & Part Syst Charact

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Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are vital to many emerging nanotechnological applications, from bioimaging and sensing to quantum nanophotonics. Yet, understanding and engineering the properties of fluorescent defects in nanodiamonds remain challenging. The most comprehensive study to date is presented, of the optical and physical properties of five different nanodiamond samples, in which fluorescent nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers are created using different fabrication techniques. The FNDs' fluorescence spectra, lifetime, and spin relaxation time (T1) are investigated via single‐particle confocal fluorescence microscopy and in ensemble measurements in solution (T1 excepted). Particle sizes and shapes are determined using scanning electron microscopy and correlated with the optical results. Statistical tests are used to explore correlations between the properties of individual particles and also analyze average results to directly compare different fabrication techniques. Spectral unmixing is used to quantify the relative NV charge‐state (NV− and NV0) contributions to the overall fluorescence. A strong variation is found and quantified in the properties of individual particles within all analyzed samples and significant differences between the different particle types. This study is an important contribution toward understanding the properties of NV centers in nanodiamonds. It motivates new approaches to the improved engineering of NV‐containing nanodiamonds for future applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electron Irradiation : NDs (207 mg) were pressed in an aluminum target holder and irradiated with a 16.6 MeV electron beam extracted from the microtron MT25 for 21 h (fluence 1.25 × 10 19 cm −2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not All Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Are Created Equal: A Comparative Study

Reineck

Trindade

Havlík

et al. 2019

Part & Part Syst Charact

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“…Moreover, it offers integration of microfluidic channels with advanced quantum sensing schemes based on color centers hosted in the diamond. This cutting‐edge approach has demonstrated field distribution mapping and magnetometry with DC sensitivity of 9 µT Hz −1/2 in fluids . An example device geometry proposed by Ziem et al.…”

Section: Microfluidic Channels In Diamondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Micro–Nano Devices Fabricated in Diamond by Femtosecond Laser and Ion Irradiation

et al. 2019

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Diamond has attracted great interest as a quantum technology platform thanks to its optically active nitrogen vacancy (NV) center. The NV's ground state spin can be read out optically, exhibiting long spin coherence times of ≈1 ms even at ambient temperatures. In addition, the energy levels of the NV are sensitive to external fields. These properties make NVs attractive as a scalable platform for efficient nanoscale resolution sensing based on electron spins and for quantum information systems. Diamond photonics enhance optical interactions with NVs, beneficial for both quantum sensing and information. Diamond is also compelling for microfluidic applications due to its outstanding biocompatibility, with sensing functionality provided by NVs. However, it remains a significant challenge to fabricate photonics, NVs, and microfluidics in diamond. In this Progress Report, an overview is provided of ion irradiation and femtosecond laser writing, two promising fabrication methods for diamond‐based quantum technological devices. The unique capabilities of both techniques are described, and the most important fabrication results of color center, optical waveguide, and microfluidics in diamond are reported, with an emphasis on integrated devices aiming toward high performance quantum sensors and quantum information systems of tomorrow.

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“…Protocols previously implemented on NV implanted diamond demonstrating quantification of paramagnetic species in solution, analogous to the detection of endogenous free radicals in living cells could be performed using the fND embedded ENFs . Furthermore, recently reported protocols using polymer encapsulation of fNDs to achieve gadolinium based sensing of pH and redox potentials using T 1 relaxometry could also be performed . It is noted that for this application, there is rapid drop off in target signal strength as a function of distance from the ND surface, thus optimization of ENF fabrication process would need to be considered for such applications including the use of hollow fiber, porous constructs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Sensing in a Physiological‐Like Cell Niche Using Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Embedded in Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers

Price¹,

Levett²,

Radu³

et al. 2019

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Fluorescent nanodiamonds (fNDs) containing nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers are promising candidates for quantum sensing in biological environments. This work describes the fabrication and implementation of electrospun poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) nanofibers embedded with fNDs for optical quantum sensing in an environment, which recapitulates the nanoscale architecture and topography of the cell niche. A protocol that produces uniformly dispersed fNDs within electrospun nanofibers is demonstrated and the resulting fibers are characterized using fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) and longitudinal spin relaxometry results for fNDs and embedded fNDs are compared. A new approach for fast detection of time varying magnetic fields external to the fND embedded nanofibers is demonstrated. ODMR spectra are successfully acquired from a culture of live differentiated neural stem cells functioning as a connected neural network grown on fND embedded nanofibers. This work advances the current state of the art in quantum sensing by providing a versatile sensing platform that can be tailored to produce physiological‐like cell niches to replicate biologically relevant growth environments and fast measurement protocols for the detection of co‐ordinated endogenous signals from clinically relevant populations of electrically active neuronal circuits.

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Optical imaging of localized chemical events using programmable diamond quantum nanosensors

Cited by 161 publications

References 59 publications

Not All Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Are Created Equal: A Comparative Study

Not All Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Are Created Equal: A Comparative Study

Quantum Micro–Nano Devices Fabricated in Diamond by Femtosecond Laser and Ion Irradiation

Quantum Sensing in a Physiological‐Like Cell Niche Using Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Embedded in Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers

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