Optical limiting properties in copper oxide thin films under a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser

Synthesis of Cu2O from CuO thin films: Optical and electrical properties

“…21,24 The activation energy for CuO (0.09 eV) corresponds to Vcu 1− / Vcu 2− transition. 8 In Cu 2 O the activation energy (0.21 eV) evaluated, corresponds to the reported Vcu vacancy at 0.23 eV. 9 In Cu 2 O thin films, the copper vacancy has the lowest formation energy leading to p type conduction.…”

“…5,6 The CuO and Cu 2 O thin films are widely used in several device applications such as thin film transistors, photovoltaics, smart windows, IR detector, optical limiters etc. [7][8][9][10][11] Apart from the conventional methods like pulsed laser deposition, 1 CVD, 12 magnetron sputtering, 4 etc., the Cu 2 O thin films can be synthesized from vacuum annealing of CuO thin films. Different annealing conditions yield mixed phases of copper oxide with varying physical properties.…”

Anodic copper oxide nanowire and nanopore arrays with mixed phase content: synthesis, characterization and optical limiting response

“…Another interesting application of copper oxides is their use as optical limiters. The only optical limiting applications for copper oxide nanostructures reported to date are in our recent work and in a few other reports that emphasized copper oxide nanospheres or thin films [3,8,[10][11][12][13]. Therefore, towards a solution for enhancement of optical limiting performance, we introduce copper oxide nanostructures formed under three different anodization conditions.…”

“…The damage threshold in vacuum deposited CuO thin films was reported to be 0.083 mJ cm −2 , which is a very low value and insufficient to protect most photonic devices from damage during their operation [10]. On the other hand, suspensions of hollow Cu 2 O submicrometer spheres in ethanol were found to withstand laser damage up to an input fluence of 1 J cm −2 [13].…”

Leaf‐like copper oxide nanocrystals synthesized by a gas‐liquid diffusion method at room temperature

“…Because of the excellent chemical and physical properties of CuO, considerable efforts have been made to synthesize various types of CuO in recent years, such as spherical , flower‐like , plate‐like, needle‐like, network‐like architectures . As an important low cost and non‐toxic transition metal oxide, a variety of approaches in fabricating nanostructured CuO have been developed, such as chemical precipitation , chemical vapor deposition , sol‐gel method , laser deposition and hydro‐thermal method .…”