The multipolar expansion of the electromagnetic field
plays a key
role in the study of light–matter interactions. All the information
about the radiation and coupling between the incident wavefield and
the object is embodied in the electric and magnetic scattering coefficients
{
a
l
m
,
b
l
m
}
of the expansion. However, the experimental
determination of
{
a
l
m
,
b
l
m
}
requires measuring the components of the
scattered field in all directions, something that is exceptionally
challenging. Here, we demonstrate that a single measurement of the
Stokes vector unlocks access to the quadrivector
boldD
scriptl
m
=
[
false|
a
scriptl
m
false|
2
,
false|
b
l
m
|
2
,
R
false{
a
scriptl
m
b
scriptl
m
*
false}
,
I
false{
a
scriptl
m
b
scriptl
m
*
false}
]
. Thus, our Stokes polarimetry method allows
us to capture
false|
a
scriptl
m
false|
2
and
false|
b
scriptl
m
false|
2
separately, a distinction that can not
be achieved by measuring the total energy of the scattered field via
an integrating sphere. Moreover, the determination of
boldD
scriptl
m
enables us to infer the amplitude of the
scattered field at all points of the radiation zone, including the
amplitude of the near-field distribution generated by the objects.
Importantly, we demonstrate the robustness of our Stokes polarimetry
method, showing its fidelity with just two measurements of the Stokes
vector at different scattering angles.