Optical molecular imaging in atherosclerosis

Subramanian, Sharath; Jaffer, Farouc A.; Tawakol, Ahmed

doi:10.1007/s12350-009-9175-9

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…7 Due to their strong and selective affinity for HAP, BPs labeled with an appropriate imaging agent can be used as molecular indicators for mapping breast cancer microcalcification, calcium urolithiasis, and atherosclerosis. 8–11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bone-targeting property of BPs suggests an intriguing approach to deliver molecular probes or drugs selectively to bone . Due to their strong and selective affinity for HAP, BPs labeled with an appropriate imaging agent can be used as molecular indicators for mapping breast cancer microcalcification, calcium urolithiasis, and atherosclerosis. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorescent Bisphosphonate and Carboxyphosphonate Probes: A Versatile Imaging Toolkit for Applications in Bone Biology and Biomedicine

et al. 2015

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A bone imaging toolkit of 21 fluorescent probes with variable spectroscopic properties, bone mineral binding affinities, and antiprenylation activities has been created, including a novel linking strategy. The linking chemistry allows attachment of a diverse selection of dyes fluorescent in the visible to near-infrared range to any of the three clinically important heterocyclic bisphosphonate bone drugs (risedronate, zoledronate, and minodronate or their analogues). The resultant suite of conjugates offers multiple options to “mix and match” parent drug structure, fluorescence emission wavelength, relative bone affinity, and presence or absence of antiprenylation activity, for bone-related imaging applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Bisphosphonate and Carboxyphosphonate Probes: A Versatile Imaging Toolkit for Applications in Bone Biology and Biomedicine

et al. 2015

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“…Imaging of the blood vessel is well suited for optical imaging as the background signal from autofluorescence is relatively low, resulting in potentially large signal sensitivity. Furthermore, the targeting of important metabolic processes can be achieved through fluorescence energy transfer or bioluminescence [ 5 ]. Visualizing plaque macrophages through an NIRF probe targeting inflammatory molecular pathways has been proposed as a promising approach [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Carotid Plaques in an Atherosclerotic Murine Model

Ulumben

Long

et al. 2021

Biomolecules

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Successful imaging of atherosclerosis, one of the leading global causes of death, is crucial for diagnosis and intervention. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging has been widely adopted along with multimodal/hybrid imaging systems for plaque detection. We evaluate two macrophage-targeting fluorescent tracers for NIRF imaging (TLR4-ZW800-1C and Feraheme-Alexa Fluor 750) in an atherosclerotic murine cohort, where the left carotid artery (LCA) is ligated to cause stenosis, and the right carotid artery (RCA) is used as a control. Imaging performed on dissected tissues revealed that both tracers had high uptake in the diseased vessel compared to the control, which was readily visible even at short exposure times. In addition, ZW800-1C’s renal clearance ability and Feraheme’s FDA approval puts these two tracers in line with other NIRF tracers such as ICG. Continued investigation with these tracers using intravascular NIRF imaging and larger animal models is warranted for clinical translation.

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“…Optical imaging techniques have a profound history in the field of cardiovascular disease, ranging from bright field and differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy to molecular techniques. Among other optical techniques,6 two‐photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) have gained considerate interest, mainly for their good tissue penetration depth, limited tissue damage and high spatial resolution (Figure 1). Moreover, these techniques may be applied clinically for (intra)vascular imaging of atherosclerotic plaques by combining them with fiber‐optic imaging catheters 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical molecular imaging of atherosclerosis using nanoparticles: shedding new light on the darkness

Douma

Megens

Zandvoort

2011

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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The application of optical nanoparticles in cardiovascular research is increasing because of the high spatiotemporal resolution and high sensitivity of optical techniques as compared with other imaging platforms. The major cause of cardiovascular events is atherosclerosis, which is a chronic inflammation of the arterial wall. Interestingly, the composition rather than the size of nonstenotic atherosclerotic plaques and severe plaques with >90% stenosis are indicators for high-risk vulnerability to rupture and acute cardiovascular events. Optical techniques may be highly suitable for discriminating, at subcellular resolution, the different stages of plaque progression by targeting bright and nontoxic optical nanoparticles toward distinct molecular epitopes in order to distinguish vulnerable from stable atherosclerotic plaques. Several optical techniques including two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) have been applied for (in vivo) characterization of atherosclerotic plaques, in addition to investigate their feasibility in the clinical setting. Optical nanoparticles, however, have predominantly been used in optical molecular imaging of tumors, but their application in cardiovascular research is increasing. In this review, we first describe shortly the basics of the mentioned optical techniques. Then, we detail on the most-extensively studied optical nanoparticles and relatively new optical nanoparticles that hold promise for in vivo applications in atherosclerosis research.

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Optical molecular imaging in atherosclerosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 72 publications

Fluorescent Bisphosphonate and Carboxyphosphonate Probes: A Versatile Imaging Toolkit for Applications in Bone Biology and Biomedicine

Fluorescent Bisphosphonate and Carboxyphosphonate Probes: A Versatile Imaging Toolkit for Applications in Bone Biology and Biomedicine

Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Carotid Plaques in an Atherosclerotic Murine Model

Optical molecular imaging of atherosclerosis using nanoparticles: shedding new light on the darkness

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