Optical monitoring of scoliosis by 3D medical laser scanner

Improve 3D laser scanner measurements accuracy using a FFBP neural network with Widrow-Hoff weight/bias learning function

“…40 to improve the convergence speed. Addi− tionally, the presented laser scanner is able to change its scan− ning frequency in a certain range, and as shown in our previous experimentations [34,35,41], at various scanning frequencies some characteristic parameters of the scanner functioning are changing. However, it does not affect measuring uncertainty in experimentation with static objects, and in general behaviour it is congruent with the data of our Table 3.…”

“…The Widrow−Hoff learning function was used to train a neural network and adjust the scanner measurements, working with the Levenberg−Mar− quardt training algorithm [34,35] this function shows a reli− ability of 99.97% in the measurement adjustment. The accu− racy of the adjustments, even out of the normalized errors (as in Fig.…”

A multi-secret sharing scheme for 3D solid objects

“…The interest on 3D digitalized objects has increased during the last years due to their large applications in science and technology: medical industry (Rodríguez-Quiñonez et al, 2014), mechanical engineering for virtual view and simulation (Jayanti, Kalyanaraman, & Ramani, 2009), cultural heritage to view virtual museums (Styliani, Fotis, Kostas, & Petros, 2009), reproduction of archeological sites (Bruno et al, 2010), managing virtual world applications (Hughes, 2012), etc. This situation makes necessary to design efficient protocols to safeguard the security (confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, etc.)…”

Laser Based Spatial Spine Curve Determination in Scoliosis

“…Incorrect posture is one of the reasons for a number of pathological conditions, for example scoliosis [6]. It is an abnormal 3D curvature of the vertebral column, manifested by elemental deformities in the three main anatomical planes: lateral curvature in frontal, anteroposterior deviation in sagittal, and vertebral axial rotation in the transverse plane [7,8]. During human evolution the upright posture required adjustments of the spine, which is why the so-called double "S" shaped sagittal curvatures have developed.…”

“…Consequently, much efforts have been focused on alternative measuring methods for the spine curvatures assessment. A vast number of torso surface measurement methods are used in clinical assessment, most commonly mechanical methods such as the DeBrunner kyphometer [12], "Flexicurve ruler" [13], Gravity goniometer or inclinometer [14] and Myrin inclinometer [15], and optical imaging methods such as raster stereography [16], Moiré topography [17] and laser triangulation [7]. The latter method, which was used in the research presented in this paper, presents a completely non-invasive way of 2D and 3D acquisition of the patient's back and further analysis of the 3D surface of the body.…”