Optical polarisation indicates linear arrangement of rhodopsin oligosaccharide chain in rod disk membranes of frog retina

Romhányi, G; Molnár, Lenke

doi:10.1038/249486a0

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The only information about the protrusion of rhodopsin above the membrane surface is that inferred from the two carbohydrate chains known to be covalently linked to rhodopsin (17), which penetrate into the intradisk space (2,36). The dimensions of these carbohydrate moieties (each ~2-4 nm long and 4 nm in diameter, assuming a rigid chain perpendicular to the disk surface [ll, 35,37]) could account for the protrusions we see. Of course, it must be noted that the surface FIGURE 12 Cross-section fracture of a multilobulated disk from an intact toad retina, prepared as in Fig.…”

Section: Ls Of the Disk Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Surfaces of rod photoreceptor disk membranes: integral membrane components.

Roof¹,

Heuser²

1982

The Journal of Cell Biology

166

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The membrane surfaces within the rod outer segment of the toad, Burn marinus, were exposed by rapid-freezing followed by freeze-fracture and deep-etching. Platinum-carbon replicas of disk membranes prepared in this way demonstrate a distinct sidedness. The membrane surface that faces the lumen of the disk shows a fine granularity; particles of -6 nm are packed at a density of -30,000/gm 2. These dimensions suggest that the particles represent protrusions of the integral membrane protein, rhodopsin, into the intradisk space. In addition, when rhodopsin packing is intentionally perturbed by exhaustive digestion with phospholipase C, a concomitant change is observed in the appearance of the luminal surface granularity. The cytoplasmic surface of the disk rarely displays this rough texture; instead it exhibits a collection of much larger particles (8-12 nm) present at ~10% of the concentration of rhodopsin. This is about the size and concentration expected for certain light-regulated enzymes, cGMP phosphodiesterase and GTP-binding protein, which are currently thought to localize on or near the cytoplasmic surface of the disk. The molecular identity of the 8-12-nm particles will be identified in the following companion paper. A further differentiation of the cytoplasmic surface can be seen around the very edge, or rim, of each disk. This rim has relatively few 8-12-nm particles and instead displays short filamentlike structures connecting it to other membranes. These filaments extend between adjacent disks, across disk incisures, and from disk rims to the nearby plasma membrane.

show abstract

Section: Ls Of the Disk Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Surfaces of rod photoreceptor disk membranes: integral membrane components.

Roof¹,

Heuser²

1982

The Journal of Cell Biology

166

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…He carried out only light microscopic observations without stabilization of the most labile metachromatic staining reaction and did not perform polarisation optical investigations. Romhányi and Molnár (1974) as well as have adopted this reaction for polarising microscopy. The last named authors called the reaction the ''aldehyde bisulfite toluidine blue reaction'' (ABT reaction).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of the aldehyde bisulfite toluidine blue reaction and its variants in the submicroscopic carbohydrate research

Makovitzky

Richter

2009

Acta Histochemica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbohydrates are chemical compounds that contain only oxygen, hydrogen and carbon. They are classified by their number of sugar units: monosaccharides (such as glucose and fructose), and disaccharides (such as sucrose and lactose) are simple carbohydrates; oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (such as starch, glycogen and cellulose) are complex carbohydrates. Carbohydrates play a crucial role in diverse biological systems [Hricovín M. Structural aspects of carbohydrates and the relation with their biological properties. Curr Med Chem 2004;11:2565-83]. According to Roseman [Sugars of the cell membrane. In: Weissmann G, Clairborn E, editors. Cell membranes. Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Pathology. New York: H. P. Publ. Co; 1975. p. 55-64], two classes of glycoproteins are described. Free glycoproteins are localised in the surface coat of the membranes and form a thick mobile layer, without any association to the membrane itself. Functionally, however, they are located in a close association with the membrane (e.g. in the duodenal mucosa). The other group consists of the membrane glycoproteins, which are integral to the membranes and are located in the outer layer. The oligosaccharide chains are bound to the N-terminal part of proteins, and are situated in the hydrophilic zone. Glycoproteins have diverse functions. They are important in specific receptor functions, in immunological cell destruction and play a significant role in reactions with lectins, antibodies, as well as in cell association and mutual recognition of the cells. This paper focuses on aspects of a summary of polarisation optical investigations and biological functions of the following three groups of carbohydrates: oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans.

show abstract

The Optics of Polarization Sensitivity

Waterman¹

1975

Photoreceptor Optics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Optical polarisation indicates linear arrangement of rhodopsin oligosaccharide chain in rod disk membranes of frog retina

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Surfaces of rod photoreceptor disk membranes: integral membrane components.

Surfaces of rod photoreceptor disk membranes: integral membrane components.

The relevance of the aldehyde bisulfite toluidine blue reaction and its variants in the submicroscopic carbohydrate research

The Optics of Polarization Sensitivity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About