Optical Rankine Vortex and Anomalous Circulation of Light

Swartzlander, Grover A.; Hernández-Aranda, Raúl I.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.163901

Cited by 72 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For the SrTiO 3 crystal, the vortex is found to channel strongly along the atomic columns, and is protected from delocalisation compared to a non-vortex beam, remaining in an approximate angular momentum eigenstate within a certain radius, beyond which the wavefunction exhibits Rankinelike vortex behaviour (Lubk et al, 2013a;Swartzlander and Hernandez-Aranda, 2007). Additionally, vortexanti-vortex loops are spontaneously generated about the surrounding atomic columns.…”

Section: B Propagation In Crystalline Materialsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Electron vortices: Beams with orbital angular momentum

et al. 2017

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The recent prediction and subsequent creation of electron vortex beams in a number of laboratories occurred after almost 20 years had elapsed since the recognition of the physical significance and potential for applications of the orbital angular momentum carried by optical vortex beams. A rapid growth in interest in electron vortex beams followed, with swift theoretical and experimental developments. Much of the rapid progress can be attributed in part to the clear similarities between electron optics and photonics arising from the functional equivalence between the Helmholtz equations governing the free space propagation of optical beams and the time-independent Schrödinger equation governing freely propagating electron vortex beams. There are, however, key di↵erences in the properties of the two kinds of vortex beams. This review is concerned primarily with the electron type, with specific emphasis on the distinguishing vortex features: notably the spin, electric charge, current and magnetic moment, the spatial distribution as well as the associated electric and magnetic fields. The physical consequences and potential applications of such properties are pointed out and analysed, including nanoparticle manipulation and the mechanisms of orbital angular momentum transfer in the electron vortex interaction with matter.

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Section: B Propagation In Crystalline Materialsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Electron vortices: Beams with orbital angular momentum

et al. 2017

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“…DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.113903 The physics of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light has attracted considerable attention ([1-3] and references therein). The interest in the physics of OAM extends beyond the characterization and preparation of light beams with nonzero OAM, and includes such topics as rotational frequency shifts [4,5], detailed analysis of the vortex physics [6], the physics of OAM in second-harmonic generation [7,8], optical solitons with nonzero OAM [9], transfer and conservation of OAM from pump to downconverted beams [10,11], OAM conservation in degenerate four-wave mixing [12], data transmission using OAM multiplexing [13], and quantum optical aspects such as entanglement [14]. In addition, manipulation and creation of OAM states using coherence gratings [15], liquid crystals [16], and metasurfaces [17] has been reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optically Controlled Orbital Angular Momentum Generation in a Polaritonic Quantum Fluid

et al. 2017

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Applications of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light range from the next generation of optical communication systems to optical imaging and optical manipulation of particles. Here we propose a micron-sized semiconductor source that emits light with predefined OAM pairs. This source is based on a polaritonic quantum fluid. We show how in this system modulational instabilities can be controlled and harnessed for the spontaneous formation of OAM pairs not present in the pump laser source. Once created, the OAM states exhibit exotic flow patterns in the quantum fluid, characterized by generation-annihilation pairs. These can only occur in open systems, not in equilibrium condensates, in contrast to well-established vortex-antivortex pairs. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.113903 The physics of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light has attracted considerable attention ([1-3] and references therein). The interest in the physics of OAM extends beyond the characterization and preparation of light beams with nonzero OAM, and includes such topics as rotational frequency shifts [4,5], detailed analysis of the vortex physics [6], the physics of OAM in second-harmonic generation [7,8], optical solitons with nonzero OAM [9], transfer and conservation of OAM from pump to downconverted beams [10,11], OAM conservation in degenerate four-wave mixing [12], data transmission using OAM multiplexing [13], and quantum optical aspects such as entanglement [14]. In addition, manipulation and creation of OAM states using coherence gratings [15], liquid crystals [16], and metasurfaces [17] has been reported.There is also a vast body of research on exciton polaritons in semiconductor microcavities. Here, being part of the polaritons, otherwise noninteracting photons experience effective interactions through the polaritons' excitonic component. This combines the advantages of nonlinear systems with the ease of measuring optical beams. Polaritons form a quantum fluid, and prominent examples of observed phenomena include parametric amplification [18] and Bose condensation ([19,20] and references therein). Polaritonic quantum fluids can support vortices [21,22], and it was recently demonstrated that OAM can be transferred to polaritonic Bose-Einstein condensates using chiral polaritonic lenses [23], and that the number of vortices can be controlled by controlling the OAM of the pump beams [24,25].The question remains whether the relatively strong interaction between polaritons can be used to manipulate, in a well-controlled fashion, the orbital and/or spin angular momentum of polaritons (and thus the light field emitted from the cavity). For example, is it possible to use a beam with OAM of m p and create additional OAM contributions, say two components of OAM m 1 and m 2 , and to use the light beam characteristics of frequency and intensity to control m 1 and m 2 ? The fact that rotationally symmetric states can be unstable under sufficiently large interactions is well known, and examples include spatial pattern formation in chemica...

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“…If one seeks to utilize the optical vortex it is usual to introduce a spatial filter prior to the vortex mask, such as to restrict the illumination source to a single transverse mode, albeit at the expense of optical throughput (8). In this work, we consider relaxing the degree of spatial filtering so that multiple transverse modes are transmitted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swartzlander et al studied the action of a spiral phase plate when the spatial coherence of the illumination is reduced, resulting in a so-called 'Rankine' vortex rather than a coherent vortex beam (8). The term Rankine vortex first originated in fluid dynamics (9): a Rankine vortex-type flow-field possesses two regions of differing rotational character.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transition from a coherent optical vortex to a Rankine vortex: beam contrast dependence on topological charge

Toninelli

Aspden

Phillips

et al. 2016

Journal of Modern Optics

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Spatially coherent helically phased light beams carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) and contain phase singularities at their centre. Destructive interference at the position of the phase singularity means the intensity at this point is necessarily zero, which results in a high contrast between the centre and the surrounding annular intensity distribution. Beams of reduced spatial coherence yet still carrying OAM have previously been referred to as Rankine vortices. Such beams no longer possess zero intensity at their centre, exhibiting a contrast that decreases as their spatial coherence is reduced. In this work, we study the contrast of a vortex beam as a function of its spatial coherence and topological charge. We show that beams carrying higher values of topological charge display a radial intensity contrast that is more resilient to a reduction in spatial coherence of the source.

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Optical Rankine Vortex and Anomalous Circulation of Light

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

Electron vortices: Beams with orbital angular momentum

Electron vortices: Beams with orbital angular momentum

Optically Controlled Orbital Angular Momentum Generation in a Polaritonic Quantum Fluid

The transition from a coherent optical vortex to a Rankine vortex: beam contrast dependence on topological charge

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