DL‐Threonine [DL‐Thr; (2RS,3SR)‐2‐amino‐3‐hydroxybutanoic acid] was optically resolved by replacing crystallization using L‐serine (L‐Ser) and 4‐hydroxy‐L‐proline (L‐Hyp) as optically active cosolutes. D‐Thr was allowed to crystallize preferentially from racemic aqueous solutions in the presence of these L‐α‐amino acids. The optical resolution of DL‐Thr was more successfully achieved by using L‐Ser, whose structure is more similar to that of DL‐Thr than L‐Hyp, and successively gave D‐ and L‐Thr of 87—92% optical purities. The D‐ and L‐Thr obtained were then recrystallized from water to give optically pure D‐ and L‐Thr. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.