Optical self-sensing of impact damage in composites using E-glass cloth

Rauf, Abdul; Hand, Russell J.; Hayes, Shannon

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/21/4/045021

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Hayes et al [ 16 ] successfully detected impact damage by transmitting light through unsized, commercially available Quartzel fibers coated with a resin of low refractive index. Several authors [ 15 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] examined the light transmission properties of unsized E-glass reinforcing bundles in various special-use resin systems of low refractive index, since E-glass fibers are cheaper than quartz fibers. They showed that the intensity of the transmitted light changed as a result of loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Light Transmission Ability of Reinforcing Glass Fibers Used in Polymer Composites

2017

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This goal of our research was to show that E-glass fiber bundles used for reinforcing composites can be enabled to transmit light in a common resin without any special preparation (without removing the sizing). The power of the transmitted light was measured and the attenuation coefficient, which characterizes the fiber bundle, was determined. Although the attenuation coefficient depends on temperature and the wavelength of the light, it is independent of the power of incident light, the quality of coupling, and the length of the specimen. The refractive index of commercially available transparent resins was measured and it was proved that a resin with a refractive index lower than that of the fiber can be used to make a composite whose fibers are capable of transmitting light. The effects of temperature, compression of the fibers, and the shape of fiber ends on the power of transmitted light were examined. The measurement of emitted light can provide information about the health of the fibers. This can be the basis of a simple health monitoring system in the case of general-purpose composite structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Light Transmission Ability of Reinforcing Glass Fibers Used in Polymer Composites

2017

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“…Unfortunately, conventional E-glass reinforcing fibers have a refractive index of the order of 1.54 at 590 nm, while high-performance resins typically have a refractive index in the region of 1.57-1.61 at the same wavelength. As a result of this, early work employed a cladding of silicone resin with a low refractive index, while further work employed low refractive index resins and sol-gel coatings specially selected to complement the sensor system [9,10,34,37], or modifying the resin to lower its refractive index [38]. None of these solutions is desirable if the sensor system is to be more widely adopted.…”

Section: Optical Self-sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sensing and self-healing in composites

Hayes

Swait

Lafferty

2015

Recent Advances in Smart Self-Healing Polymers and Composites

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“…The epoxy was blended with propylene carbonate, to lower the refractive index. A self-sensing damage detection system using this modified epoxy has been successfully demonstrated [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifying the Refractive Index of Epoxy Resins Using Reactive Diluents to Enable Optical Self-Sensing in E-Glass Fibre Composites

Rauf

Hand

Hayes

2014

AMM

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Optical self-sensing employs the reinforcing fibres as self-sensing elements thus eliminating the need for additional sensing elements in smart materials. At present optical self-sensing systems employ expensive optical adhesives to lower the refractive index of the matrix as the refractive index of the cladding material must be lower than the light-guiding glass fibres. In this study the refractive index of an aerospace certified, commercial laminating resin (Araldite LY5052/Aradur HY5052) was reduced with propylene carbonate, (a commercial reactive diluent). This modified resin with lower refractive index facilitated light transmission through impregnated E-glass reinforcing fibres used as optical self-sensing elements in composites. The effects of propylene carbonate addition on the mechanical properties of the epoxy were also analysed and presented here.

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Optical self-sensing of impact damage in composites using E-glass cloth

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Analysis of the Light Transmission Ability of Reinforcing Glass Fibers Used in Polymer Composites

Analysis of the Light Transmission Ability of Reinforcing Glass Fibers Used in Polymer Composites

Self-sensing and self-healing in composites

Modifying the Refractive Index of Epoxy Resins Using Reactive Diluents to Enable Optical Self-Sensing in E-Glass Fibre Composites

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