Optical spectra, energy levels, and crystal-field analysis of tripositive rare earth ions in Y2O3. I. Kramers ions in <i>C</i>2 sites

Chang, N. C.; Gruber, John B.; Leavitt, Richard P.; Morrison, Clyde A.

doi:10.1063/1.443530

Cited by 331 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Using the crystal field parameters derived from the FLN spectra, it is possible to calculate a crystal field strength parameter S [36]. The values of S for the 19ZnO-80TeO 2 -1Eu 2 O 3 glass are reported in Table 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO–TeO2 glasses

Rolli

Gatterer

Wachtler

et al. 2001

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

128

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Zinc tellurite glasses of compositions 19ZnO-80TeO 2 -1Ln 2 O 3 with Ln= Eu, Er, Nd and Tm were prepared by melt quenching. The absorption spectra were measured and from the experimental oscillator strengths of the f f transitions the Judd-Ofelt parameters V u were obtained. The values of the V u parameters are in the range usually observed for oxide glasses. For Nd 3 + and Er 3 + , luminescence spectra in the near infrared were measured and the stimulated emission cross sections | p were evaluated for some laser transitions. The high values of | p , especially for Nd 3 + , make them possible candidates for optical applications. Fluorescence line narrowing (FLN) spectra of the Eu 3 + doped glass were measured at 20 K, and the energies of the Stark components of the 7 F 1 and 7 F 2 states were obtained. A crystal field analysis was carried out assuming a C 26 site symmetry. The behaviour of the crystal field ratios B 22 /B 20 and B 44 /B 40 agrees reasonably well with the values calculated using the geometric model proposed by Brecher and Riseberg. The crystal field strength at the Eu 3 + sites appears to be very low compared to other oxide glasses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO–TeO2 glasses

Rolli

Gatterer

Wachtler

et al. 2001

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

128

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“…interaction was evaluated by using the strength S [17] and relative strength Sk (k = 2, 4, and 6) [18] parameters, which are defined as follows:…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S and Sk can be used as a quantitative measure of the crystal field in a particular host [17,19]. It also provides a useful quantity to measure the c.f.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Level Scheme of Nd³⁺Ion in Rare Earth Oxyhalides, REOX (X = F, Cl, and Br)

Beaury¹,

Hölsä

Korventausta

et al. 1996

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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The energy level schemes of the neodymium oxyhalides (NdOX, X = F, Cl, and Br) were studied and simulated with a phenomenological model accounting simultaneously for both the free ion interactions and the crystal fleld effect. The former included the electrostatic and interconfigurational interactions as well as the spin-orbit coupling. The simulations were carried out by using the data from the optical absorption and luminescence as well as the inelastic neutron scattering measured at low temperatures between 2.5 and 77 K. The values of the Slater integral F 2 describing the eJectrostatic interactions decrease while F 4 and F6 increase as a function of the ionic radius of the halide anion. The strength of the spin-orbit coupling is quite the same in all three matrices. The crystal field effect -measured as the crystal fleld strength parameter S -is almost twice as strong in the hexagonal NdOF matrix (650 cm -1 ) than in the tetragonal NdOCI or NdOBr (367 and 378 cm -1 , respectively). Similar evolution was obtained for the shortand mid-range crystal field strengths related to the spatial extension of the interaction.

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“…The CF strength parameter has also been used to compare the root mean square error obtained for crystal fields of different strength. However, its use in such a case is restricted only to comparisons of the identical site symmetries [10,23]. Furthermore, within the approximation to the second order in the crystal-field, the shift in the center of gravity of a particular 2S+1 L J state due to J-mixing effects is a simple linear function of the S 2 k [4,17].…”

Section: Conventional Definition Of the Crystal-field Strength Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, N v is a norm representing a distance in the space. Currently there are two definitions widely used in the literature [9][10][11][12]:…”

Section: Conventional Definition Of the Crystal-field Strength Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

On a complementary scale of crystal-field strength

Mulak

2007

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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A new measure of the crystal-field strength, complementary to the conventional one, is defined. It is based on the rotational invariants |B k0 | av or | k B k0 | av , k = 2, 4, 6, of the crystal-(ligand)-field (CF) Hamiltonian H CF parametrizations, i.e. on the axial CF parameters modules averaged over all reference frame orientations. They turn out to be equal to H (k) CF av and |H CF | av , respectively. While the traditional measure is established on the parametrization modules or on the second moment of the CF energy levels, the introduced scale employs rather the first moment of the energy modules and has better resolving power. The new scale is able to differentiate the strength of various iso-modular parametrizations according to the classes of rotationally equivalent parametrizations. Using both the compatible CF strength measures one may draw more accurate conclusions about the Stark levels arrays and particularly their total splitting magnitudes.PACS: 71.70.Ch

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Optical spectra, energy levels, and crystal-field analysis of tripositive rare earth ions in Y2O3. I. Kramers ions in C2 sites

Cited by 331 publications

References 33 publications

Optical spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO–TeO2 glasses

Optical spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO–TeO2 glasses

Energy Level Scheme of Nd³⁺Ion in Rare Earth Oxyhalides, REOX (X = F, Cl, and Br)

On a complementary scale of crystal-field strength

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Optical spectra, energy levels, and crystal-field analysis of tripositive rare earth ions in Y2O3. I. Kramers ions in C2 sites

Cited by 331 publications

References 33 publications

Optical spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO–TeO2 glasses

Optical spectroscopy of lanthanide ions in ZnO–TeO2 glasses

Energy Level Scheme of Nd3+Ion in Rare Earth Oxyhalides, REOX (X = F, Cl, and Br)

On a complementary scale of crystal-field strength

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Energy Level Scheme of Nd³⁺Ion in Rare Earth Oxyhalides, REOX (X = F, Cl, and Br)