Reducing mercury emissions from industrial discharge
gases remains
an insurmountable challenge. Selenides have been shown to be promising
Hg0 sorbents, and the structure of the selenide cluster
is one of the determining factors for the absorption capacity of Hg0. In this study, density functional theory was adopted to
reveal the removal mechanism of mercury from selenium cluster-loaded
activated carbon (AC) at the molecular level. It is found that the
mercury adsorption performance of AC functionalized by a Se
n
(n ≤ 8) cluster varies greatly.
The effect of a single Se atom on the adsorption efficacy of mercury
on the AC surface is minimal. Especially, Se6 and Se8 cyclic clusters supported on the AC surface can promote the
physical adsorption of mercury. Notably, the AC surface modified by
chain clusters composed primarily of Se2 dimers, and Se3 trimers can transform physical adsorption into chemisorption
with superior adsorption performance to Hg0. Additionally,
all selenium-functionalized AC surfaces have high affinity for HgO
molecules. The Se2 and Se3 cluster-functionalized
AC surface shows superior performance for the efficient sequestration
of mercury. By providing a comprehensive understanding of mercury
removal by Se
n
/AC, these results could
aid in the design and development of Se-based adsorbents for industrial
applications of mercury removal.