Optical study on the combustion characteristics and soot emissions of diesel–soybean biodiesel–butanol blends in a constant volume chamber

Qi, Donghui; Chen, B.; Zhang, D.; Lee, C.F.

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2015.03.007

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In addition to the above technical constraints, the fact that physicochemical formation pathways of soot are still not fully understood-even in zero-dimensional systems-may provide enough rationale for the wide interests in soot studies with simple flow configurations. In this regard, various laboratory-scale setups have been employed, including constant volume combustion chambers [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], shock tubes [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], well-stirred reactors [41][42][43][44][45], burner-stabilized flat premixed flames [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55], coflow diffusion flames [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]…”

Section: Laboratory-scale Experimental Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Constant volume/pressure combustion chambers are typically used to study liquid fuel spray combustion [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], a close representation of the combustion process in CI engines. Unfortunately, soot formation during the burning of fuel sprays depends not only on soot chemistry but on many other physical processes such as spray penetration, droplet size distribution, and velocity field of the entrained air.…”

Section: Laboratory-scale Experimental Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soot formation in laminar counterflow flames

Wang

Chung

2019

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

360

116

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Many practical soot-emitting combustion systems such as diesel and jet engines rely on diffusion flames for efficient and reliable operation. Efforts to mitigate soot emissions from these systems are dependent on fundamental understanding of the physicochemical pathways leading from fuel to soot in laminar diffusion flames. Existing diffusion flame−based soot studies focused primarily on overventilated coflow flame where the fuel gas (or vapor) issues from a cylindrical tube into a co-flowing oxidizer, and counterflow flame, where a reacting zone is established between two opposing streams of fuel and oxidizer. As a canonical diffusion flame configuration, laminar counterflow diffusion flames have been widely used as a highly controllable environment for soot research, enabling significant progress in the understanding of soot formation for several decades. In view of the possibility of fuel/oxidizer premixing in practical systems, counterflow partially premixed flames have also been studied. In the present work we intend to provide a comprehensive review of the researches on various aspects of soot formation utilizing counterflow flames. Major processes of soot formation (formation of gas phase soot precursors, soot inception and surface reactions, as well as particle-particle interactions) are examined first, with focus on the most recent (post-2010) research progress. Experimental techniques and associated challenges for the measurement of soot-related properties (some knowledge of which is helpful for full appreciation of the experimental data to be reviewed) are then introduced. This is followed by a detailed description of soot evolution in counterflow flames, which is complemented by a discussion on the similarity and differences of the sooting structures between counterflow and coflow diffusion flames. Parametric studies of the effects of fuel molecular structure, fuel additive, partial-premixing, pressure, temperature, stoichiometric mixture fraction, and residence time on soot formation in counterflow flames will then be addressed in detail. This review concludes with a summary of the knowledge and challenges gathered and demonstrated through decades of research, and an outlook on opportunities for future counterflow flame−based soot research towards a more complete understanding of soot formation and the development of novel techniques for soot mitigation in practical combustion devices.

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Section: Laboratory-scale Experimental Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory-scale Experimental Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soot formation in laminar counterflow flames

Wang

Chung

2019

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

360

116

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“…The Alternative fuel properties (first, second and third generation) are one of the key reasons responsible for the quality of fuel mixing rate and burning procedure. Fuel density, viscosity, fuel calorific value, cetane number, and flash point are the properties dependably emphasized by researchers to define the effects of an alternative additive on emission characteristics of a diesel engine [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]29]. Properties of the first (coconut, palm, rapeseed, and soybean), second (cottonseed, jatropha, jojoba, and Karanja), and third (fish oil, microalgae spirulina, waste oil and animal fats) generation biodiesel feedstocks are shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Fuel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The governing equation for numerical simulation tool of Diesel-RK model are energy, species, heat release rate, NOX formation, smoke formation using in equation (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) [5,19,20,27,28]:…”

Section: Governing Equation Of Diesel-rk Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Assessment of the Emission Characteristics of First, Second and Third Generation Biodiesels as Fuel in a Diesel Engine

Rajak¹,

Nashine

Verma

2020

Journal of Thermal Engineering

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The present study aims to investigate emission characteristics with the B20 blend level of first, second and third generation biodiesels. The engine, a naturally aspirated, single cylinder, diesel engine, was operated at 1500 rpm engine speed and at different engine loads with intervals of 25%. Also, the engine is analyzed by Diesel-RK mathematical tool and emission characteristics such as smoke, carbon dioxides (CO2), particulate matter (PM), nitric oxide (NO) and summary of emission (SE) were obtained. Numerical simulation is performed using pure diesel (D100), first, second and third generation B20 (80% diesel + 20% biodiesel). Results of reduction in emissions for biodiesel blend were found to be lower than diesel fuel as smoke (BSN) by 54.68% for jojoba, PM by 4.8% for coconut, 52.0% for jojoba and 7.1% for fish oil, NO by 38.2% for jatropha curcas, and SE by 8.8% for soybean, 12.9% for jatropha curcas and 8.8% for spirulina but carbon dioxides was found to be higher by 0.38% for rapeseed, 0.61% for fish oil. The blend of B20 shows a decrease in emissions at 1500 rpm with 100% engine load. The numerical results are verified against experimental results conducted under the same operating conditions.

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“…Constant volume combustion chambers (CVCC) are typically used in order to investigate fundamental aspects of combustion phenomena such as premixed ignition [1][2], diffusion flames, laminar flame speed [3], turbulent flame speed, autoignition [4][5], injection strategies [6][7][8], and emissions formation [9]. In this study, a small test stand is placed at the bottom of the cylindrical CVCC for conducting materials synthesis experiments, initially focused on the creation of paper-templated metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber for Material Synthesis

Morovatiyan¹,

Shahsavan²,

Mack³

2018

Preprint

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A constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) was constructed to enable material synthesis procedures that are sensitive to temperature, pressure, and ambient species concentrations. Material synthesis processes require specific operating conditions in order to carry out the desired chemical reactions and property transformations, including the creation of paper-templated metals and nanoparticles. The 1.13 liter combustion chamber includes a test stand for conducting the material synthesis experiments. A premixed fuel-air mixture is ignited at a desired equivalence ratio in order to produce the required synthesis conditions. In comparison to furnaces and ovens, this approach provides greater flexibility for materials synthesis procedures. Computational modeling using adaptive mesh refinement, alongside preliminary experimental testing results, confirms that the CVCC can provide the appropriate conditions to synthesize paper-templated metals. The approach demonstrates that the CVCC can be a viable alternative to a furnace for use in materials synthesis applications.

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Optical study on the combustion characteristics and soot emissions of diesel–soybean biodiesel–butanol blends in a constant volume chamber

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Soot formation in laminar counterflow flames

Soot formation in laminar counterflow flames

Comparative Assessment of the Emission Characteristics of First, Second and Third Generation Biodiesels as Fuel in a Diesel Engine

Development of a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber for Material Synthesis

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