Optical Tellegen metamaterial with spontaneous magnetization

Abstract

The nonreciprocal magnetoelectric effect, also known as the Tellegen effect, promises a number of groundbreaking phenomena connected to fundamental (e.g., electrodynamics of axion and relativistic matter) and applied physics (e.g., magnetless isolators). We propose a three-dimensional metamaterial with an isotropic and resonant Tellegen response in the visible frequency range. The metamaterial is formed by randomly oriented bi-material nanocylinders in a host medium. Each nanocylinder consists of a ferromagnet in a single-domain magnetic state and a high-permittivity dielectric operating near the magnetic Mie-type resonance. The proposed metamaterial requires no external magnetic bias and operates on the spontaneous magnetization of the nanocylinders. By leveraging the emerging magnetic Weyl semimetals, we further show how a giant bulk effective magnetoelectric effect can be achieved in a proposed metamaterial, exceeding that of natural materials by almost four orders of magnitude.

Magneto-optical chiral metasurfaces for achieving polarization-independent nonreciprocal transmission

“…It is well established that Tellegen materials introduce nonreciprocal responses in reflection rather than transmission ( 38 ), so Tellegen response is not considered for the construction of nonreciprocal metasurfaces. One can use a moving medium to achieve nonreciprocal transmission.…”