“…Twice awarded the Nobel Prize in 1997 and 2018, optical trapping has been widely used to trap, manipulate, and characterize single atoms, biological cells, protein molecules, virus, nanoparticles, as well as airborne particles. [20][21][22] Arthur Ashkin first levitated a transparent glass microsphere in air using the radiation pressure force. 23 But, for absorbing particles, the photophoretic force plays a dominant role in an optical trap, which leads to more complex particle behaviors, especially for heterogeneous or irregularly shaped particles.…”