Optical voltage sensors: principle, problem and research proposal

Li, Changsheng

doi:10.1117/12.2248375

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, they also mitigate catastrophic failures due to effects, such as magnetic saturation and ferroresonance, that could take place in conventional transformers [94]. OVTs can be categorized into two subgroups depending on the type of electro-optic modulation that is used for voltage measurement, as follows [95]:…”

Section: Optical Voltage Transducersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In high-voltage measurement, the external electro-optical modulation type OVTs are more suitable due to their high-voltage withstanding capability [95]. These sensors are based on either the Pockels effect or Kerr effect [96] and they induce external electric field birefringence [97] in some types of crystalline materials.…”

Section: • Optical Voltage Transducers Based On the Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electro-gyration is a phenomenon that describes the circular birefringence in an optical material [102]. In the case of the linear electro-gyration effect, the linearly polarized incident light will be subjected to a polarization rotation by an angle which is proportional to the external electric field strength that is applied on the material [95]. The linear electro-gyration effect takes place in centrosymmetric crystals due to spatial dispersion which is different to the Faraday effect that occurs due to magnetic field vector reversal symmetry with time [103].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks

Dewayalage,

Robinson,

Elphick

et al. 2024

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large-scale renewable energy plants, flexible AC (alternating current) and high voltage DC (direct current) transmission systems, and modern consumer devices utilize power electronics that tend to increase harmonic emissions. Furthermore, such emissions are nowadays known to exceed the traditional 2 kHz range typically considered for harmonic analysis. However, the accuracy of such harmonic measurements in medium and high voltage networks is questionable due to the lack of accuracy specifications for the respective instrument transformers that are being used in the measurement chain. Therefore, the motivation of this study is to review the existing techniques for measuring high-frequency voltage harmonics, i.e., those in the range 2–9 kHz, in medium-, high-, and extra high-voltage electricity networks, where most large-scale power electronic converters are being connected. Different transducer types are compared in terms of measurement accuracy. The reviewed literature indicates that some transducers can introduce errors due to their nonlinearities. The study also identifies the limitations of calibrating these transducers at frequencies above 2 kHz due to the unavailability of suitable sources capable of generating the required test waveforms. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the necessity for establishing accuracy limits for harmonic measurements above 2 kHz.

show abstract

Section: Optical Voltage Transducersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: • Optical Voltage Transducers Based On the Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks

Dewayalage,

Robinson,

Elphick

et al. 2024

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sensors based on optical fiber technology are very suitable for use in power grids due to their excellent characteristics, such as high electrical insulation, non-magnetic saturation, oil-free, no risk of explosive failures, and high bandwidth. In these applications, Faraday Effect, Pockels cells, or fiber Bragg grating (FBG) are used to measure current and voltage [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Also, these pure optical LPIT has moved to medium voltage applications [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], where the cost challenges are more evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power-over-Fiber LPIT for Voltage and Current Measurements in the Medium Voltage Distribution Networks

Bassan

Rosolem

Floridia

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, we present the design, laboratory tests, and the field trial results of a power-over-fiber (PoF) low power instrument transformer (LPIT) for voltage and current measurements in the medium voltage distribution networks. The new proposed design of this power-over-fiber LPIT aims to overcome the drawbacks presented by the previous technologies, such as the continuous operation (measuring and data transmission) for a wide current range conducted in the medium voltage transmission lines, damage due to lightning strikes, accuracy dependency on vibration, position and temperatures. The LPIT attends the accuracy criteria of IEC 61869-10 and IEC 61869-11 in terms of current and voltage accuracy and it attends the practical criteria adopted by Utilities companies including voltage measurements without removing the coating of the covered conductors. The PoF based LPIT was developed to be applied at 11.9 kV, 13.8 kV, and 23.0 kV phase-to-phase nominal voltages, and in two current ranges 1.25–30 A and 37.5–900 A. The digital data transmission of current, voltage, and temperature from the sensing unit to the processing unit uses a special synchronism technique and it is performed by two 62.5 µm multimode fibers in 850 nm. The optical powering in 976 nm is also performed by one 62.5 µm multimode fiber from the processing unit to the sensor unit. We presented all details of the sensor design and its laboratory characterization in terms of accuracy and temperature correction. We also presented the results of field tests of the sensor made in two different conditions: in a standard distribution network and an experimental hybrid fiber/power distribution network. We believe that these studies aim to incorporate optical fiber and devices, digital technologies, communications systems in electrical systems driving their evolution.

show abstract

“…With the continuous improvement of voltage levels, traditional electromagnetic transformers have gradually revealed their drawbacks in terms of measurement range, insulation protection, and application range [1,2]. The optical voltage sensor (OVS), with its outstanding advantages such as high safety performance, excellent insulation performance, no magnetic saturation, large dynamic range, and so on, is gradually replacing traditional voltage transformer [3,4]. At present, OVS research mostly included the electro-optic crystal OVS based on the Pockels effect and the all-fiber OVS based on the converse piezoelectric effect [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration Characteristics of Quartz Crystal and Analysis of System Error in Fiber Optic Voltage Sensor

Yang

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The additional deformation of the quartz crystal under the vibration stress disturbance greatly affects the measurement accuracy of the fiber optic voltage sensor. In this paper, the influence of different vibration directions on quartz crystal deformation is analyzed by the finite element method based on the analysis and derivation of the system error mathematical model of the quasi-reciprocal reflected fiber optic voltage sensor. Furthermore, the effect of additional quartz crystal deformation on the output precision of the system is calculated. The results show that the vibration stress along the axial direction mainly causes the quartz crystal to deform in height, and the vibration stress along the radial direction mainly causes the quartz crystal to deform the circumference. Among them, the deformation of the crystal radial circumference is the main reason to influence the system output accuracy. In addition, the size and deformation parameters of the quartz crystal are related to the output error of the sensor system. This paper provides the parameter optimization and design guidance for improving the anti-mechanical vibration performance of the sensor head of the fiber optic voltage sensor and provides a theoretical basis for the suppression method of the system error.

show abstract

Optical voltage sensors: principle, problem and research proposal

Cited by 4 publications

References 62 publications

Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks

Measurement of High-Frequency Voltage Harmonics above 2 kHz in High-Voltage Networks

Power-over-Fiber LPIT for Voltage and Current Measurements in the Medium Voltage Distribution Networks

Vibration Characteristics of Quartz Crystal and Analysis of System Error in Fiber Optic Voltage Sensor

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About