Optically Transparent Antenna for Smart Glasses

Morimoto, Yasuo; Shiu, Sam; Huang, Irene Wei; Fest, Eric; Ye, Geng; Zhu, Jiang

doi:10.1109/ojap.2023.3238721

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Even recently, research has been conducted to implement in smart glasses by combining the transparent characteristics of LCs with transparent mesh‐type antennas. [ 136 ] Lastly, NF/LC composite can be used for MW and mmWave applications for improving response time. Introducing aligned electrospun NFs into LCs results in the formation of a composite system composed of a polymer and LC.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Crystals for Advanced Smart Devices with Microwave and Millimeter‐Wave Applications: Recent Progress for Next‐Generation Communications

Choi

Park

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Liquid crystals (LCs) technology have a well‐established history of applications in visible light, particularly in the display industry. However, with the rapid growth in communication technology, LCs have become a topic of current interest for high‐frequency microwave (MW) and millimeter‐wave (mmWave) applications due to promising characteristics such as tunability, continuous tuning, low losses, and price compatibility. To improve the performance of future communication technology using LCs, it is not sufficient only with the perspective of radio‐frequency (RF) technology. Therefore, it is imperative to understand not only the novel structural designs and optimization of MW engineering but also the perspective of materials engineering when implementing advanced RF devices with maximum performance for next‐generation satellite and terrestrial communication. Herein, based on advanced nematic LCs, polymer‐modified LCs, dual‐frequency LCs, and photo‐reactive LCs, this article summarizes and examines the modulation principles and key research directions for the design strategies of LCs for advanced smart RF devices with improved driving performance and novel functionality. Furthermore, the challenges in development of state‐of‐the‐art smart RF devices that use LCs are discussed.

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Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Crystals for Advanced Smart Devices with Microwave and Millimeter‐Wave Applications: Recent Progress for Next‐Generation Communications

Choi

Park

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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“…These antennas, made from transparent conductive materials [147], enable desired efficient signal transmission while remaining discreetly embedded within the watch's display or casing [148]. The use of transparent materials to design optically transparent antennas for smartwatches can closely be correlated with optically transparent antennas reported in the literature for smart glasses [149] and smartphones [150]. However, it is important to emphasize that utilizing transparent materials for antenna design is expected to lead to a degradation in antenna performance, primarily due to their inherently lower conductivity, resulting in increased ohmic losses and decreased efficiency.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sub-GHz Wrist-Worn Antennas for Wireless Sensing Applications: A Review

Kumar,

Moloudian,

Simorangkir

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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With recent advances in wearable wrist-worn wireless sensing applications, the demand for smartwatches and wristbands is rapidly increasing due to their widespread adoption in applications such as smart health monitoring, security, and fitness tracking. Currently, these devices primarily operate in the 2.45 GHz band, leveraging the availability of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless technologies. However, the use of 433 MHz, 868 MHz, 915 MHz, 923 MHz) for wearable systems has also gained interest due to the emergence of wireless technologies like long-range wide area network (LoRaWAN), narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT) and Sigfox, which offer the potential for long-range wireless communications and sensing applications. In recent times, there has been a notable surge in the commercial production of a variety of Sub-GHz wrist-worn wireless sensing devices for health monitoring and tracking applications. Nevertheless, communications at Sub-GHz frequencies present significant challenges in antenna design, primarily due to the practical size constraints of wrist-worn devices and the necessity for using electrically small antennas. This paper meticulously reviews wrist-worn Sub-GHz antennas reported in the literature, analyzing key antenna parameters such as antenna topology, size, impedance bandwidth, peak realized gain, radiation efficiency, and specific absorption rate (SAR). Additionally, it underlines antenna design challenges, limitations, current trends, and presents potential future perspectives. To the best of the author's knowledge, there is currently no existing literature comprehensively reviewing Sub-GHz wristworn antennas. Therefore, this paper represents the inaugural effort to provide a comprehensive review in this specific domain.

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“…In [74], an optically transparent antenna designed at 2.4 GHz for smart glasses applications was introduced. The transparent antenna utilizes a light control layer (LCL), which in this case consists of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) sandwiched between two layers of transparent conductive film (TCF) (Fig.…”

Section: B Liquid Crystal Polymers (Lcp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A State-of-the-Art Review on 4D Printed Antennas and Other Adaptable Designs

Carvalho,

Reis,

Caldeirinha

2024

IEEE Access

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This article offers a thorough review of the current state-of-the-art in four-dimensional (4D) printed antennas and possible adaptable designs. It provides a succinct examination of various categories of materials used in three-dimensional (3D) and 4D printing, including the utilization of smart materials available in both printable and synthesized forms. The review encompasses a concise analysis of fabrication techniques, stimuli, and response behaviors applied in various types of smart materials. These materials have the potential to fabricate antennas with tunable and reconfigurable properties, including frequency of operation, bandwidth, gain, and radiation pattern. Given the novelty of applying 4D printing in antenna technologies, the review also considers additional reconfigurable antennas with mechanically tunable properties, as well as those in non-printed formats. This exploration hints at potential adaptations to the latter for the development of 4D printed antennas. The utilization of 4D printing presents a complex yet intriguing approach to antenna fabrication, offering the possibility of creating dynamic antennas with sophisticated characteristics.

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Optically Transparent Antenna for Smart Glasses

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Liquid Crystals for Advanced Smart Devices with Microwave and Millimeter‐Wave Applications: Recent Progress for Next‐Generation Communications

Liquid Crystals for Advanced Smart Devices with Microwave and Millimeter‐Wave Applications: Recent Progress for Next‐Generation Communications

Sub-GHz Wrist-Worn Antennas for Wireless Sensing Applications: A Review

A State-of-the-Art Review on 4D Printed Antennas and Other Adaptable Designs

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