“…In most of the works, the DG sizes are constrained by a capacity limit [ 7 – 9 , 11 – 13 , 15 , 22 – 24 , 26 ] and locations are limited for predefined candidate buses using different sensitivity indices [ 8 , 10 , 14 , 16 – 19 ] and randomly selected [ 18 ]. In some other works, the DG sizes are unconstrained (but the sum of their total capacities should not be more than total system demand), and all buses in the network are considered as search space for locations [ 6 , 12 , 19 – 21 ]. On the other hand, identification of appropriate branches for opening and tie-lines for closing is additional search space in simultaneous OADG and ONR problem.…”