Proceedings of the 2011 American Control Conference 2011
DOI: 10.1109/acc.2011.5991497
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Optimal charging strategies in lithium-ion battery

Abstract: There is a strong need for advanced control methods in battery management systems, especially in the plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles sector, due to cost and safety issues of new high-power battery packs and high-energy cell design. Limitations in computational speed and available memory require the use of very simple battery models and basic control algorithms, which in turn result in suboptimal utilization of the battery. This work investigates the possible use of optimal control strategies for charging.… Show more

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Cited by 159 publications
(99 citation statements)
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References 13 publications
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“…Smith et al utilized a reduced-order, linearized electrochemical model for state estimation and prediction of maximum, safe current draw [7]. Klein et al use a detailed electrochemical model with nonlinear model predictive control to determine optimal charging trajectories subject to state constraints [8]. Hu et al use equivalent circuit battery models to optimize charge time and power loss subject to state of charge, current, voltage, and charge time constraints [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Smith et al utilized a reduced-order, linearized electrochemical model for state estimation and prediction of maximum, safe current draw [7]. Klein et al use a detailed electrochemical model with nonlinear model predictive control to determine optimal charging trajectories subject to state constraints [8]. Hu et al use equivalent circuit battery models to optimize charge time and power loss subject to state of charge, current, voltage, and charge time constraints [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A model for a lithium-ion battery consisting of a PDAE system [2] with boundary conditions [1] and an ODE for the temperature [3] has been considered. The problem of time-optimal charging has been solved with a direct method as well as with the induced optimization problem.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This paper describes a model for the occuring processes in a battery based on different formulations [2] in the literature. We investigate time-optimal battery charging which has been stated by [3] and solved therein by an NMPC scheme. Here, we present two other solution techniques [4,5] and discuss more mathematical aspects of the problem.…”
Section: Introduction and Model Formulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[19][20][21][22][23][24] Efforts in optimal control and nonlinear model predictive control, incorporating a SPM and other reduced order models have been published. 6,7 A mathematical reformulation method [25][26][27][28] gives rise to a computationally efficient model that can be solved in milliseconds without compromising on accuracy. These reformulation techniques consist of spectral methods (specifically orthogonal collocation) where, depending on number of collocation points in the anode, separator, and cathode, models can be generated with varying degree of accuracy.…”
Section: Model Descriptionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Methekar et al 5 looked at the problem of energy maximization for a set time with constraints on voltage using Control Vector Parametrization (CVP). Klein et al 6 considered the minimum-time charging problem while including constraints on temperature rise and side reactions. Rahimian et al 7 calculated the optimal charging current as a function of cycle number for a lithium-ion battery experiencing capacity fade using a single-particle model (SPM).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%