Optimal control strategy for large-scale VRB energy storage auxiliary power system in peak shaving

Two-layer optimization model of joint peak shaving of energy storage and thermal power units

“…The constraints of the upper model energy storage power station are shown in the following equation (8)(9)(10)(11). P refer to the literature [12], and other thermal power generation unit parameters are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The rated power of the energy storage power station is 100MW, the maximum charging and discharging power is 100MW, and the charging and discharging efficiency is 85%.…”

Optimizing vanadium redox flow battery system power loss using particle swarm optimization technique under different operating conditions

“…In Equation (17), "P charge " signifies the VRFB system's overall charging power consumption. "P Discharge " represents the power delivered by the VRFB system during discharging (W).…”

“…VRFB has shown promising BESS performance in achieving efficient and reliable operations of renewable energy based microgrids, ranging from peak shaving to demand response management. 8,[14][15][16][17][18][19] Kerdphol et al 20 proposed Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method-based frequency control of the standalone microgrid to obtain optimum sizing of VRFB based BESS at a minimum total BESS cost. Further investigation by Kerdphol et al 21 proposed an optimum sizing of VRFB-based BESS using PSO incorporating dynamic demand response to mitigate the instability of microgrid during an emergency.…”

“…These advancements have made VRFB as the promising choice of BESS for the large‐scale energy storage. VRFB has shown promising BESS performance in achieving efficient and reliable operations of renewable energy based microgrids, ranging from peak shaving to demand response management 8,14‐19 . Kerdphol et al 20 proposed Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method‐based frequency control of the standalone microgrid to obtain optimum sizing of VRFB based BESS at a minimum total BESS cost.…”

“…Charge-discharge operations of VRFB with four sets of electrolyte flow rates at three different levels of stack terminal current have been taken for validation of the proposed work. It has been observed that for a 1 kW 6kWh VRFB storage system, the overall system power loss becomes the minimum at an optimal flow rate of 6 L/min for a range of (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) L/min of electrolyte flow rate at 40, 45, and 50 A chargedischarge operations. The proposed work formulation demonstrated in this paper is a generalized one and can be very useful for maximizing the overall system efficiency of VRFB storage and ensuring the reliability of VRFB integrated power system applications.…”