Optimal Coordination of Double-Inverse Overcurrent Relays for Stable Operation of DGs

Stability-Constrained Settings of Directional Overcurrent Relays With Shifted User-Defined Characteristics for Distribution Networks With DERs

“…where 𝛿 CCT is the critical clearing angle, 𝛿 𝑖 represents the initial load angle, 𝐻 refers to the inertia constant, 𝑃 𝑚𝑖 reflects the mechanical input power, and 𝑃 𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 and 𝑃 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡 define output power during and after fault, respectively. Indeed, the CCT formulas explained in ( 9) and ( 10) do not fully capture all fault scenarios (i.e., permanent and transient faults), system configurations (i.e., parallel lines), or regulating devices, which consequently result in distinct curves and equations when compared to the previously depicted ones [18]. This study conducts repeated time-domain simulations using DigSILENT software to obtain the CCTs at different fault points.…”

“…Furthermore, their method exhibited limitations in its ability to effectively handle far-end faults. References [20] and [21] presented a solution to the work in [18] by combining both definite-time and inverse-time characteristics. Although this hybrid approach provided a swifter response at high currents, definite time characteristics may demonstrate insensitivity to fault severity and insufficient discrimination between fault currents and high normal currents, such as inrush currents.…”

A New Communication-Free Dual Setting Protection Coordination of Microgrid

“…For the second issue (i.e. the need to relax one optimization constraint), this issue is tackled in [18][19][20][21][22][23]. The authors investigate a dual protection setting for DOCR, where each setting works in different direction: one for primary protection in forward direction and the second one backup protection in reverse direction.…”

“…This method was an extension work for [19]. In [20], the dual setting method has been developed to cope with the radial system topology, and the transient stability for the connected DGs are considered. Ref.…”

An Optimized Protection Coordination Scheme for the Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relays Using a Nature-Inspired Root Tree Algorithm

“…In [6], a sparse dual revised simplex algorithm was used to optimize the TDS settings. In [7], a stable operation of distributed generation was conducted with help of optimal coordination of double-inverse overcurrent relay. The transient constrained protection coordination stagey has been used for a distribution system with distributed generation in [8].…”