Optimal coordination of dual‐setting directional over‐current relays in multi‐source meshed active distribution networks considering transient stability

Yazdaninejadi, Amin; Nazarpour, Daryoush; Talavat, Vahid

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5431

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…𝑇𝐷𝑆 is the time dial setting of the relay, 𝐼 𝑝 is the pickup current, and 𝐼 𝑓 is the fault current measured by the DOCR. It is worth mentioning that OPC studies target short-circuit faults that result in overcurrent, which typically occur due to relatively low resistance faults [21,26]. Thus, this paper does not focus on high-impedance faults (HIFs).…”

Section: B Docr's Optimal Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimal protection coordination (OPC) determines the DOCRs settings to isolate faults as fast as possible to minimize the faults spreading. Many studies are conducted on OPC, considering different objectives, such as satisfying transient stability constraints for single-and dual-setting DOCRs [20], [21], coordination among reverse power, overcurrent, under-voltage, and under-frequency relays for transient stability [22]. Also, a new overcurrent protection strategy that relies on a third-harmonic voltage generated by IIDGs during faults is proposed [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Protection Coordination of Active Distribution Networks With Synchronverters

Pola

Azzouz

2022

IEEE Access

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Synchronverters are inverters imitating synchronous generators (SGs) to curb adverse impacts of traditional inverters on power networks. However, synchronverters may generate unlimited currents during faults. In addition, limiting the synchronverter's fault currents by hard limiters could malfunction directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs). Thus, this paper employs virtual-impedance fault current limiters (VI-FCLs) that preserve the synchronverter's voltage source model to guarantee a reliable operation of DOCRs. Also, an optimal protection coordination (OPC) scheme is developed to size the VI-FCLs and determine the DOCRs' settings in a decoupled manner. The proposed protection scheme determines the highest values of the VI-FCLs that correspond to bolted faults at the synchronverters' terminals. These conservative values are then relaxed by adaptively varying the VI-FCL based on the fault severity to enhance the DOCR sensitivity. Further, a short circuit calculation algorithm is formulated to incorporate the developed synchronverter with VI-FCL into an OPC program to determine the optimal settings of DOCRs that minimize the total operating time of all primary and backup relays. Case studies ensure the proposed protection scheme's effectiveness in reliably protecting a radial 9-bus Canadian distribution system and a meshed 14-bus system powered by synchronverters.

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Section: B Docr's Optimal Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Protection Coordination of Active Distribution Networks With Synchronverters

Pola

Azzouz

2022

IEEE Access

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“…In general, a [K] coefficient matrix can be determined to show the fault-current contribution of N DG DGs to M OCPR relays (noted that the number of OCRs equals to the number of buses in the DN) as expressed in Equation (36).…”

Section: Determining Fault-current Division Coefficients Of Dgs In the Dnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Objective function and setting parameters: In [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], objective functions are based on the overall operation time of primary and back-up overcurrent relays, where time-dial setting (TDS) multipliers are considered as the optimized parameters. In [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], the optimized parameters of OFs are pick-up currents or both the pick-up currents and TDS multipliers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive and Scalable Protection Coordination System of Overcurrent Relays in Distributed-Generator-Integrated Distribution Networks

Bùi

Nguyễn

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Integration of distributed generators (DGs) into a distribution network (DN) can cause coordination challenges of overcurrent relays (OCRs) because of different fault-current contributions of DGs as well as the directional change in fault currents. Therefore, the OCRs should be properly coordinated to maintain their adaptability and scalability to protect the DG-integrated distribution network. In this study, an adaptive and scalable protection coordination (ASPC) approach has been developed for the OCRs in a DG-contained distribution network based on two implementation stages. At the first stage, the reliability improvement of fault-current calculation results is performed by determining the min-max confidence interval of fault current for each different fault type, which is the basis for properly selecting tripping and pick-up thresholds of definite-time and inverse-time OC functions in the same OCR. At the second stage, optimization algorithms are used for calculating protection-curve coefficients and Time-Dial Setting (TDS) multiplier for the inverse-time OC functions in the OCR. A real 22 kV DG-integrated distribution network which is simulated by ETAP software is considered a reliable test-bed to validate the proposed ASPC system of OCRs in the multiple-DG-contained distribution network. In addition, the coordination results of OCRs can be obtained by three common optimization algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), and Genetic Algorithm (GA). These relay coordination results have shown an effective protection combination of the definite-time OC functions (50P and 50G) and the inverse-time OC functions (51P and 51G) in the same OCR to get the adaptable and scalable DN protection system.

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“…A new protection system introduced in [20] utilises extensive communication to monitor the micro‐grid and update relay fault currents according to the variations in the system configuration. Considering the transient stability of a synchronous based DGs, a communication assisted protection scheme is proposed in [21] and to coordinate the relays in an optimised manner. A micro‐processor based intelligent relay and its communication with the central controller to prevent the unnecessary loss of critical loads in an islanded micro‐grid is employed in [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New protection scheme for maintaining coordination time interval among relay pairs in micro‐grid by employing centralised master controller

Vijayachandran

Shenoy

2019

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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Optimal coordination of dual‐setting directional over‐current relays in multi‐source meshed active distribution networks considering transient stability

Cited by 37 publications

References 39 publications

Optimal Protection Coordination of Active Distribution Networks With Synchronverters

Optimal Protection Coordination of Active Distribution Networks With Synchronverters

An Adaptive and Scalable Protection Coordination System of Overcurrent Relays in Distributed-Generator-Integrated Distribution Networks

New protection scheme for maintaining coordination time interval among relay pairs in micro‐grid by employing centralised master controller

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