Optimal defoliation management of brachiaria grass–forage peanut for balanced pasture establishment

Tamele, Otília; Sá, Olavo Augusto Arquimed Lopes de; Bernardes, Thiago Fernandes; Lara, Márcio André Stefanelli; Casagrande, Daniel Rume

doi:10.1111/gfs.12332

Cited by 33 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Another factor that explains the high uptake of nitrogen in mixed pastures was the significant proportion of forage peanut in the forage mass and stability over time (Figure 2). Although legume stability in mixed pastures in warm climate regions is a major challenge (Muir et al, 2014), forage peanut, when appropriately managed in mixed pastures, has a high competitive ability with grass Hernandez et al., 1995;Tamele, Lopes de Sá, Bernardes, Lara, & Casagrande, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of beef cattle grazing on Brachiaria brizantha (Marandu grass)—Arachis pintoi (forage peanut cv. Belomonte) mixtures exceeded that on grass monocultures fertilized with 120 kg N/ha

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Borges

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

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Mixed grass/legume pastures are an alternative to grass monocultures for increased beef cattle production in tropical climates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of beef cattle grazing either a mixed pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu grass and Arachis pintoi (forage peanut) cv. Belomonte or a Marandu monoculture, under rotational stocking. Five trials were conducted over a period of nine years in north-eastern Brazil where the sward structure (forage, grass and legume mass) and animal performance were compared for a mixed Marandu grass/ forage peanut pasture, and a Marandu grass monoculture with 120 kg N ha −1 y −1 .Stocking rate was adjusted to maintain forage allowance at 4% body weight/day. A block design was used with four replicates, and warm and cool seasons within each trial were considered, using repeated measurements over time. In the warm season, the forage mass in the mixed pastures was 17% greater than in the monoculture (p = .049), and the stocking rate, average daily gain and liveweight gain per ha were 16.4%, 20.0% and 28.7% greater (p = .004, p < .001 and p < .001 respectively). The average daily gain showed a positive linear relationship with the legume proportion in the sward (p < .001). The mixed forage peanut/Marandu pasture sustained significantly greater beef cattle production (789 kg ha −1 y −1 ) compared to the N-fertilized grass monoculture (655 kg ha −1 y −1 ). Appropriately managed, mixed pastures of forage peanut/Brachiaria pastures are sustainable and have high potential for use in the humid tropics. K E Y W O R D SArachis pintoi, beef cattle, Brachiaria, fertilized pasture, mixed pasture, warm-season legume

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of beef cattle grazing on Brachiaria brizantha (Marandu grass)—Arachis pintoi (forage peanut cv. Belomonte) mixtures exceeded that on grass monocultures fertilized with 120 kg N/ha

Pereira

Rezende

Borges

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

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“…The assessments of the present study were performed based on the trial conducted by Tamele et al, () as follows: mixed pastures during establishment were maintained under four heights (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) from February 2012 to June 2014. From July to September 2014, the same experimental conditions were maintained in the study of Tamele et al, (). The experimental period of the present study began in September 2014 and was extended for 18 months, comprising spring 2014; summer, autumn, winter, and spring 2015; and summer 2016.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interest in mixed pastures has emerged worldwide (Muir, Pitman, & Foster, 2011). In tropical regions, there is particular interest in brachiaria grass-forage peanut pastures (Gomes et al, 2018;Tamele, Lopes de Sá, Bernardes, Lara, & Casagrande, 2017). In a study carried out on the establishment of this mixture, canopies that remained at 30 cm height or above resulted in a low proportion of legume in the forage mass (Tamele et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This response may be explained by the legume initial regrowth, due to the favourable weather conditions in September 2015 (Figure 1).During the establishment, mixed pastures managed at greater CH (30 and 40 cm) had lesser stolon density due to the light limitation at the canopy base. Thus, the etiolation of stolon reduced clonal propagation of forage peanut(Tamele et al, 2017). After establishing a new defoliation management (all canopy heights at 10 cm), plants received more solar radiation, which stimulated the emergence of new stolons from the forage peanut.…”

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Increasing the population of forage peanut in a mixed pasture by controlling the canopy height

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Rosa

Ferreira

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

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The aim of this study was to determine a temporary strategy for increasing the legume population in an established pasture of brachiaria grass (Brachiaria brizantha) and forage peanut (Arachis pintoi). The treatments comprised four previous long‐term canopy heights (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) from the establishment (the first 32 months after treatment initiation). From September 2014, all of the experimental units were kept at 10 cm height. The pastures were evaluated for their forage harvest, forage mass, botanical composition and stolon and tiller density. The tiller density and brachiaria grass mass were maintained in all pastures since the first season of evaluation (p > 0.10). The stolon density and legume mass were initially lesser at 30 and 40 cm than those at 10 and 20 cm, early in the experiment, but progressively increased over time. After 1 year under 10 cm height, the population and mass of legume were similar in all treatments. Therefore, reducing the canopy height to 10 cm at the beginning of the rainy season is an efficient method to increase the botanical composition of forage peanut in mixed pastures with brachiaria grass.

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“…Conversely to pintoi peanut, palisadegrass has a fast establishment, and frequent harvest after establishment may increase tiller number and herbage accumulation (Tamele et al, 2017). Therefore, plots were evaluated every 28 d after seeding ( Palisadegrass undisturbed sward height was measured from five measurements per plot with a calibrated yardstick (Rayburn et al, 2007).…”

Section: Palisadegrass Herbage Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbage Characteristics of Pintoi Peanut and Paslisadegrass Established as Monoculture or Mixed Swards

et al. 2018

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Pintoi peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapovickas & Gregory) is a warm‐season perennial legume that has been used in grass–legume mixtures; however, management practices to successfully establish pintoi into warm‐season grass swards have not been fully examined. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate different sward compositions and methods of establishment of pintoi peanut or pintoi peanut–palisadegrass [Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) R.D. Webster] mixed swards. The first experiment evaluated pintoi peanut and palisadegrass established as monocultures or in a pintoi peanut–palisadegrass mixture. Pintoi peanut ground cover and density was greater for pintoi peanut than pintoi peanut–palisadegrass mixed swards (29 vs. 8%, and 42 vs. 19 plants m−2 for ground cover and density, respectively). Concomitant seeding of pintoi peanut and palisadegrass showed no negative effect on palisadegrass herbage mass (HM). In the overseeding experiment, treatments were: (i) peanut interseeded into glyphosate‐treated rows subsequently strip tilled into prepared seedbed strips (0.4 m) with intervening untilled areas (2 m); (ii) peanut no‐till seeded into glyphosate‐treated rows (0.4 m) with intervening untilled areas (2 m); and (iii) an undisturbed sward of palisadegrass with no pintoi peanut. Prepared seedbed and no‐till treatments had similar pintoi ground cover (2.9%), density (8.7 plants m−2), spread (11.7 cm), and HM (170 kg ha−1 yr−1). Glyphosate treatment of rows followed by no‐till seeding was an effective strategy to establish pintoi peanut into palisadegrass swards. Pintoi peanut contribution during the early stages after establishment is insufficient to generate sufficient biological N fixation and produce forage for livestock.

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Optimal defoliation management of brachiaria grass–forage peanut for balanced pasture establishment

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

Production of beef cattle grazing on Brachiaria brizantha (Marandu grass)—Arachis pintoi (forage peanut cv. Belomonte) mixtures exceeded that on grass monocultures fertilized with 120 kg N/ha

Production of beef cattle grazing on Brachiaria brizantha (Marandu grass)—Arachis pintoi (forage peanut cv. Belomonte) mixtures exceeded that on grass monocultures fertilized with 120 kg N/ha

Increasing the population of forage peanut in a mixed pasture by controlling the canopy height

Herbage Characteristics of Pintoi Peanut and Paslisadegrass Established as Monoculture or Mixed Swards

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