Optimal dense and random addressing design of emissive points in a retinal projection device

Rainouard, Fabian; Colard, Matthias; Haeberlé, Olivier; Oudet, Èdouard; Martinez, Christophe

doi:10.1117/12.2620243

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The use of a holographic element at the pixel level enables encoding specific angular characteristics for its emission: divergence and direction angle. Even if the proposed configuration requires the use of a combiner to project the image on the retina, it significantly increases the image resolution as compared to the retinal projection architecture [15].…”

Section: µHolography and Directivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional display for AR applications based on holography and photonic integrated circuits

Toubi,

Ghibaudo,

Martinez

2024

Optics, Photonics, and Digital Technologies for Imaging Applications VIII

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Conventionally, LCoS, µ-LEDs, and LBS are the principal micro-displays used in Near-Eye displays. We propose an alternative display concept, which offers increased flexibility for its integration with the optical combiner, resulting in a more efficient energy yield. The concept is based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) in the visible range, active light extraction components using liquid crystals, and pixelated holograms. The combination of these elements enables the generation of an emissive point, whose properties: position, emission angle, and divergence are adjustable. We describe our concept and compare the expected performances with conventional solutions.

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Section: µHolography and Directivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional display for AR applications based on holography and photonic integrated circuits

Toubi,

Ghibaudo,

Martinez

2024

Optics, Photonics, and Digital Technologies for Imaging Applications VIII

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“…According to the EP density optimization performed in a previous work 14 , we define the waveguide shape of the projector as a succession of segments with a ± 35° slope. We round each peak using a sine-shaped curve with a minimum bend radius of 50 µm to limit the bend losses.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, a random distribution of EPs results in a single pixel in a background noise with no diffraction orders. In previous work, we implemented several mathematical models in order to optimize the EP density and improve the image quality 14 . We randomize our EPDs by activating a non-periodic set of waveguides and electrodes and by modulating their shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayer photonic-integrated circuit design for dense random waveguide distribution addressing, application to near-eye display

Millard

Rainouard

Fowler

et al. 2023

Optical Architectures for Displays and Sensing in Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality (AR, VR, MR) IV

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Near-eye displays have become a technology of high interest for Augmented, Virtual and Mixed reality due to the unique immersive experience they provide to the user. The majority of these devices use macroscopic optical elements that make them bulky and heavy. Our team has proposed a disruptive near-eye display concept that uses the self-focusing effect to project an image to the user's retina. To form an image, emissive points are generated from a dense photonic integrated circuit embedded within the lens of a pair of smart glasses. In this work, we present the design of a dense routing architecture that addresses thousands of randomly distributed emissive points from a few hundred inputs. The circuit combines unbalanced waveguide splitter trees with a non-periodical addressing onto a dense waveguide network. We present the design optimization through numerical simulations and estimate the overall device performance based on simulation results. A waveguide interlayer crossing simulation indicates losses better than 0.003 dB/crossing, which guarantees low optical losses over thousands of crossings. By unbalancing correctly the splitter trees, we can obtain homogeneous power profiles over an emissive point distribution. The experimental validation of our design will be a major step towards the elaboration of a first prototype.

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“…In previous works, we developed a mathematical model to optimize the shape of the waveguides and electrodes in order to obtain randomly distributed EPs 9 . Randomness is required to eliminate the higher diffraction orders around the central spot and leave a unique central spot surrounded by a background noise (see Fig.…”

Section: Design 21 Mathematical Model For Waveguide-electrode Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of mathematical and physical optical designs for the development of random photonic integrated circuits for an unconventional AR display concept

Millard

Rainouard

2023

Optical Architectures for Displays and Sensing in Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality (AR, VR, MR) IV

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We present the design of a dense silicon-nitride photonic integrated circuit applied to a novel concept of unconventional augmented reality display combining holography with integrated photonic circuits embedded in the glass of the display. An integrated projector made of a grid of waveguides and electrodes generates randomly distributed emissive points at the wavelength of 532 nm, from crossings between waveguides and electrodes. These emissive points then interact with a hologram to form a composite plane wave focused on the user's retina using the self-focusing effect. In this work, we present the design of the entire photonic circuit comprising the projector and the routing architecture to address the emissive points. We define both shapes of waveguides and electrodes by a succession of segments that we approximate by B-Splines. We designed the photonic circuits using Matlab, Lumerical and KLayout softwares. We engineer the waveguide architecture on two levels in order to limit optical losses due to the high number of waveguide crossings required for the random addressing. In this contribution, we present the mathematical model used to elaborate our design as well as the technical details. We also evaluate it for our retinal projection project.

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Optimal dense and random addressing design of emissive points in a retinal projection device

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Directional display for AR applications based on holography and photonic integrated circuits

Directional display for AR applications based on holography and photonic integrated circuits

Multilayer photonic-integrated circuit design for dense random waveguide distribution addressing, application to near-eye display

Convergence of mathematical and physical optical designs for the development of random photonic integrated circuits for an unconventional AR display concept

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