Optimal Design and Synthesis of Sustainable Integrated Biorefinery for Pharmaceutical Products from Palm-Based Biomass

Ng, Shi Yee; Ong, Sze Ying; Ng, Yee Yin; Liew, Alexander H. B.; Ng, Denny K. S.; Chemmangattuvalappil, Nishanth G.

doi:10.1007/s41660-017-0010-5

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, in a CO 2 separation process, the balance of energy consumption (and thus cost) resides in the first steps of physical separation and–when applicable–regeneration of the separating agent. For these first-step dominant processes, energy and cost is shown to be most sensitive to target dilution, hence the effectiveness of the single-parameter Sherwood approach, and its continued use in cost modeling. ,− We expand upon this principle to build a cost model based on current capture costs and conditions. Given cost estimates for CO 2 capture technologies from power generation, we use the Integrated Environmental Control Module (IECM) to calibrate the model.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Capture and Utilization in the Industrial Sector

Psarras

Comello

Bains

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

112

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The fabrication and manufacturing processes of industrial commodities such as iron, glass, and cement are carbon-intensive, accounting for 23% of global CO emissions. As a climate mitigation strategy, CO capture from flue gases of industrial processes-much like that of the power sector-has not experienced wide adoption given its high associated costs. However, some industrial processes with relatively high CO flue concentration may be viable candidates to cost-competitively supply CO for utilization purposes (e.g., polymer manufacturing, etc.). This work develops a methodology that determines the levelized cost ($/tCO) of separating, compressing, and transporting carbon dioxide. A top-down model determines the cost of separating and compressing CO across 18 industrial processes. Further, the study calculates the cost of transporting CO via pipeline and tanker truck to appropriately paired sinks using a bottom-up cost model and geo-referencing approach. The results show that truck transportation is generally the low-cost alternative given the relatively small volumes (ca. 100 kt CO/a). We apply our methodology to a regional case study in Pennsylvania, which shows steel and cement manufacturing paired to suitable sinks as having the lowest levelized cost of capture, compression, and transportation.

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Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Capture and Utilization in the Industrial Sector

Psarras

Comello

Bains

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

112

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“…However, the studies on seeking optimum chemical processing technologies for biopharmaceuticals are not as massive as the ones for biofuels and biochemicals. Ng et al [50] performed a single objective optimization of pharmaceutical production from palm-oil-based biomass through maximization of gross profit. The novelty lays in the fact that pharma-industries are identical with low product yield and high product price in contrary to the fuel refinery.…”

Section: Mixed-integer Non-linear Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Sustainable Integration of Bio- and Petroleum Refineries for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals

et al. 2020

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A petroleum refinery heavily depends on crude oil as its main feedstock to produce liquid fuels and chemicals. In the long term, this unyielding dependency is threatened by the depletion of the crude oil reserve. However, in the short term, its price highly fluctuates due to various factors, such as regional and global security instability causing additional complexity on refinery production planning. The petroleum refining industries are also drawing criticism and pressure due to their direct and indirect impacts on the environment. The exhaust gas emission of automobiles apart from the industrial and power plant emission has been viewed as the cause of global warming. In this sense, there is a need for a feasible, sustainable, and environmentally friendly generation process of fuels and chemicals. The attention turns to the utilization of biomass as a potential feedstock to produce substitutes for petroleum-derived fuels and building blocks for biochemicals. Biomass is abundant and currently is still low in utilization. The biorefinery, a facility to convert biomass into biofuels and biochemicals, is still lacking in competitiveness to a petroleum refinery. An attractive solution that addresses both is by the integration of bio- and petroleum refineries. In this context, the right decision making in the process selection and technologies can lower the investment and operational costs and assure optimum yield. Process optimization based on mathematical programming has been extensively used to conduct techno-economic and sustainability analysis for bio-, petroleum, and the integration of both refineries. This paper provides insights into the context of crude oil and biomass as potential refinery feedstocks. The current optimization status of either bio- or petroleum refineries and their integration is reviewed with the focus on the methods to solve the multi-objective optimization problems. Internal and external uncertain parameters are important aspects in process optimization. The nature of these uncertain parameters and their representation methods in process optimization are also discussed.

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“…Waste collection and treatment in these places are mostly operated by four Icelandic companies (Table 1). About 90% of the wastes generated are related to the capital area and are collected by the Íslenska Gámafélagið and Sorpa companies [14,15]. Due to the low number of inhabitants in Iceland, there is limited economic basis for recycling facilities like paper mills.…”

Section: Resource Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Sustainability of Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Production from Wastes in Iceland

Safarian

Unnþórsson

2018

Energies

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This paper describes the development of a model to comprehensively assess the sustainability impacts of producing lignocellulosic bioethanol from various types of municipal organic wastes (MOWs) in Iceland: paper and paperboard, timber and wood and garden waste. The tool integrates significant economic, energy, environmental and technical aspects to analyse and rank twelve systems using the most common pretreatment technologies: dilute acid, dilute alkali, hot water and steam explosion. The results show that among the MOWs, paper and paperboard have higher positive rankings under most assessments. Steam explosion is also ranked at the top from the economic, energy and environmental perspectives, followed by the hot water method for paper and timber wastes. Finally, a potential evaluation of total wastes and bioethanol production in Iceland is carried out. The results show that the average production of lignocellulosic bioethanol in 2015 could be 12.5, 11 and 3 thousand tons from paper, timber and garden wastes, respectively, and that production could reach about 15.9, 13.7 and 3.7 thousand tons, respectively, by 2030.

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Optimal Design and Synthesis of Sustainable Integrated Biorefinery for Pharmaceutical Products from Palm-Based Biomass

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Carbon Capture and Utilization in the Industrial Sector

Carbon Capture and Utilization in the Industrial Sector

Insight into the Sustainable Integration of Bio- and Petroleum Refineries for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals

An Assessment of the Sustainability of Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Production from Wastes in Iceland

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