Optimal design of CHP systems for housing complexes involving weather and electric market variations

A Technology Selection and Operation (TSO) optimisation model for distributed energy systems: Mathematical formulation and case study

“…fixed or variable) and time periods of study among others. A great part of the literature available on DES incorporates fuelled co-generation units; these include combined heat and power (CHP), mainly gas-engine [1,8,11], or a variation of this such as combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) [4,5,12]. Although some of the studies included the integration of other types of elements such as renewable energy technologies (e.g.…”

“…There is an extensive amount of literature describing different approaches for designing DES, ranging from standard recommendations to simulations [1,[4][5][6] and mathematical programming models [2,[7][8][9]11]. A broad range of factors integrate and influence DES design: diverse energy technologies, types of application (i.e.…”

“…However, they did not enable possible revenue from selling surplus electricity to the grid. [8] proposed a MINLP multi-objective model for integrated optimization for a residential complex and enabled the possibility of selling surplus electricity and heat to the grid; like [1], it considered TOU tariffs, variable energy demands and it made use of similar empirical models for scaling costs and determining part-load efficiencies. The previous two studies allowed for the use a single specific technology (CHP) that can vary in size, while [2,9,17] enabled the possibility to select from various technologies (e.g.…”

“…Simulations and mixed-integer programming (MIP) optimization models have assisted decision-makers in such tasks [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Diverse features and levels of complexity have been explored; the simplest model approaches consider constant energy demands and fixed energy costs while complex approaches consider fluctuating energy prices, variable energy demands, part-load efficiency integration, a carbon price and the possibility of selling electricity exported to the grid.…”

Involving Environmental Assessment in the Optimal Design of Domestic Cogeneration Systems

“…Ren et al (2008) reviewed two typical micro CHP alternatives with two different operating modes including minimum-cost operation and minimum-emission operation. Jiang-Jiang et al (2010) analyzed the technical, environmental, and economic performances of CHP systems following the thermal and electricity demand management in different climate zones in China, and Fuentes-Cortes et al (2015a) presented different models to determine the size and operating scheme for residential CHP systems, where the annual cost and greenhouse gas emissions are minimized, where the multi-generation system accounts for building complexes (Fuentes-Cortes et al 2016a) and the associated risk in the residential cogeneration system (Fuentes-Cortes et al 2016b).…”