Optimal design of hollow fiber modules

Doshi, Mahendra R.; Gill, William N.; Kabadi, Vinayak N.

doi:10.1002/aic.690230520

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Three of them are compared in this study in order to determine which one is more effective to estimate the lumen side and shell side pressure drop: Hagen-Poiseuille [31],…”

Section: Pressure Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pushing the limits of intensified CO2 post-combustion capture by gas–liquid absorption through a membrane contactor

Chabanon

Bounaceur

Castel

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

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“…Three of them are compared in this study in order to determine which one is more effective to estimate the lumen side and shell side pressure drop: Hagen-Poiseuille [31],…”

Section: Pressure Dropmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Happel [31], the pressure drop of a laminar fluid flow in a regular stack of fiber, as occurring in the hollow fiber membrane modules, can be defined by:…”

Section: Happel Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pushing the limits of intensified CO2 post-combustion capture by gas–liquid absorption through a membrane contactor

Chabanon

Bounaceur

Castel

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

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“…In many respects the backflush HFER has a velocity profile similar to that of the hollow-fiber reverse-osmosis system investigated by Gill and Bansal (1973) and Doshi et al (1977). Hence, the approach used by Gill and coworkers is adopted in this section with due consideration to the differences between the systems.…”

Section: Velocity Distributionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Alternatively, one can further employ Eq. 5 to obtain an areaaveraged radial wall velocity between any two positions zI and z2 in the axial direction, namely, Soltanieh and Gill ( 1 98 1) have reviewed transport models for reverse-osmosis membranes and concluded that solvent (water) flux can adequately be described by a simple solution-diffusion model:This relation allows us to relate the wall velocity to the pressure drop across the sponge region, with the membrane coefficient A serving as the solvent permeability coefficient and taking care of the effect of both the membrane and the enzyme.Significant simplification of the analysis of velocity profile is possible if we assume that the shell-side pressure is constant (Doshi et al, 1977). This is a reasonable assumption if the flow rate is small and flow area is large, which is the condition likely to be associated with a backflush HFER.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel hollow‐fiber reactor with reversible immobilization of lactase

1988

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Experimental and theoretical studies on a backflush hollow-fiber enzymatic reactor (HFER) were conducted in this work for a lactose/ lactase system. An A. niger lactase was chosen, from the four lactases tested, for reversible immobilization in the sponge layers of the fibers. An enzyme loading procedure was developed that allowed reliable and reproducible operation of the hollow-fiber reactor and produced industrially significant conversions without apparent change in the activity or stability of the lactase used. This reversible immobilization scheme also permitted easy replacement of the enzyme used. The performance of the backflush HFER was investigated and a large number of data concerning its operation were obtained and interpreted. Momentum and mass transports in such a HFER were analyzed, and mathematical models that took the experimental findings into consideration were also developed and solved analytically and/or numerically. Predictions from the computer model developed in this work were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data collected, suggesting the possibility of a priori design of a process-scale backflush HFER. With minor modifications, the models developed are expected to be applicable to hollow-fiber reactors with a wide selection of immobilized cells, organelles, and other enzymes. C. K. S. Jones, R. Y. K. Yang, E. T. WhiteDepartment of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St. Lucia, QLD 4067 Australia Introduction A large number of enzyme immobilization schemes involve chemical coupling of enzymes to a solid support. In addition to chemical binding, physical techniques such as adsorption, gel entrapment, and encapsulation have been used. Enzymes immobilized by encapsulation usually can expect to experience an environment similar to that of free enzymes in an aqueous solution. In particular, if the enzyme is encapsulated after the formation of an encapsulating medium, it should retain its intrinsic kinetic properties.Examples of the last method of immobilization are the hollow-fiber enzymatic reactor (HFER) investigated by Breslau and Kilcullen (1975), Robertson et al. (1976), Rony (1971), and Waterland et al. (1974. All these reactors allow the enzymes to be truly immobilized under mild conditions without causing alteration of their inherent kinetic behaviors. However, Corrspondencc concerning this paper should be addressed to R. Y. K. Yang. whose current address is Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University. Morgantown. WV 26506-6101. AIChE Journal February 1988with the notable exception of the first work, all these reactor schemes relied solely on diffusion as the means of contacting substrates and enzymes. Breslau and Kilcullen have suggested a number of HFER's in which the bulk flow is an important transport mechanism. Of great interest is the backflush mode of operating a HFER, in which substrates flow from the shell of a hollow-fiber cartridge to the lumina of the fibers, and enzymes are loaded into the sponge layers of the anisotropic ...

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“…Furthermore, large-scale ultrafiltration devices are now commercially available, and criteria for their optimal design are being developed. 65 R~n y~~ appears to have given the first mathematical account of diffusion and reaction within the core of hollow-fiber tubes. Kan and S h~l e P .~~ developed a simple transient mass balance model of the immobilized whole-cell biochemical reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole‐cell hollow‐fiber reactor: Effectiveness factors

Webster

Shuler

Rony

1979

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Analytical expressions, which allow the generation of effectiveness factor graphs for a reactor system employing immobilized whole cells a biocatalyst, are presented. In particular hollow‐fiber devices (such as dialysis or ultrafiltration units) are considered. Such devices are analogs to a shell‐and‐tube heat exchanger. Whole cells are entrapped on the shell side: a nutrient solution is circulated through the tubes, substrate diffuses from the tube side, across the fiber, and into the cell mass on the shell side, where it irreversibly reacts to form product. The product back‐diffuses into the circulating nutrient solution. The overall substrate mass‐transfer process is hypothesized to be either diffusion limited in the hollow‐fiber tube wall and/or the shell‐side cell suspension and/or reaction limited at the enzyme sites within the whole cells. The first‐ and zero‐order limits of the Michaelis‐Menten rate law are used in generating effectiveness factor expressions. The effectiveness factor is a function of reaction order, Thiele modulus, diffusion coefficient ratio (defined as the effective substrate diffusivity in the hollow‐fiber membrane wall divided by the effective substrate diffusivity in the cell suspension), partition coefficient, volume of the cell suspension, and hollow‐fiber width. Equations for the effectiveness factor are also detailed when the hollow‐fiber mass‐transfer resistance is far greater than the cell suspension mass‐transfer resistance. An effectiveness factor chart is presented specifically for the commercially available C‐DAK 4 dialyzer (Cordis Dow Co., Miami, Florida). In general terms the effectiveness factor expressions are applicable for characterizing diffusion and reaction within a catalytically active cylindrical annulus, Whose inner surface offers a diffusional resistance and whose outer surface is impermeable to reactants. Some generalization of the Thiele modulus is undertaken which serves to draw the asymptotes on the effectiveness factor charts together. Comment is made on the variation of the slope of the effectiveness factor graph and its relation to the change in the observed reaction activation energy. Possible application of the model to the catalytic tube wall reactor is discussed.

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Optimal design of hollow fiber modules

Cited by 36 publications

References 2 publications

Pushing the limits of intensified CO2 post-combustion capture by gas–liquid absorption through a membrane contactor

Pushing the limits of intensified CO2 post-combustion capture by gas–liquid absorption through a membrane contactor

A novel hollow‐fiber reactor with reversible immobilization of lactase

Whole‐cell hollow‐fiber reactor: Effectiveness factors

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