“…ADM, constituting a widely employed analysis/design tool both in its potential and CFD version (Bontempo & Manna, 2013, 2016, 2017Conway, 1998), focuses more on the global effects of the propeller after the hull. Potential flow theory, including Lifting Line Method (LLM) (Çelik & Güner, 2006;Coney, 1989;Mishkevich, 2006), Lifting Surface Method (LSM) (Kawakita & Hoshino, 1998;Kerwin & Lee, 1987;Yamasaki & Ikehata, 1992) and Panel Method (PM) (Hess, 1990;Karim, Suzuki, & Kai, 2004;Kerwin, 1987;Suciu & Morino, 1976), is a commonly utilized tool to analyze or design ship propeller. Although CFD tools based on RANS or LES have been widely applied, the computational cost is too high to be practical for use in propeller optimization, especially when the number of iterations is large.…”