Optimal Domain Scale for Stochastic Urban Flood Damage Assessment Considering Triple Spatial Uncertainties

Abstract

On 15 July 2021, the massive floods that occurred in many German states were seen as a national tragedy by Chancellor Angela Merkel. On 20 July, in Zhengzhou, China, a time-interval rainfall of 201.9 mm between 16:00 and 17:00 broke the global land record. Millions of people were affected and the economic loss amounted to 53.2 billion Chinese yuan. On 1 September, record rainfall caused floods in New York that largely paralyzed the city. Flooding has become a major constraint on urban public security and social and economic development (Alexander et al., 2019;Guo et al., 2021;Lee et al., 2020). Quantifying and evaluating the damage of flooded urban areas not only allows for timely mitigation measures, but also provides a basis for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction (Kreibich et al., 2014;Merz et al., 2010;Schröter et al., 2014). Accurate flood damage assessment results are also essential for the natural disaster insurance industry in post-disaster claims settlement (Diakakis et al., 2020;Wagenaar et al., 2017). Hence, scientific and reasonable flood damage quantification plays an important role in urban flood risk control and rescue decision making.The flood damage assessment process is characterized by multidimensionality, dynamic changes and uncertainties due to multiple factors such as regional rainfall characteristics, geographical conditions and socio-economic levels (Gall, 2017;Schoppa et al., 2020). It is a widely used flood damage assessment method to achieve damage results by combining flood damage ratios with inundation depth, land use and economic factors (Chen et al., 2019;Jongman et al., 2012;Scorzini & Frank, 2017). The damage ratio serves as the link between flood inundation

Risk Identification of Mountain Torrent Hazard Using Machine Learning and Bayesian Model Averaging Techniques

“…The Analytic Hierarchy Process [14], Entropy Weight [15], and CRITIC Method [16] are commonly used methods for determining weights. However, there is no unified paradigm for indicator selection and weight determination in mountain torrent risk assessment [17]. The indicator selection and weight determination method mainly relies on researchers' understanding of the problem, leading to uncertainty in the evaluation results.…”

2D and 3D Computational Modeling of Surface Flooding in Urbanized Floodplains: Modeling Performance for Various Building Layouts

“…Worldwide, rapid urbanization and more frequent extreme rainfall events increase the frequency and severity of urban floods (Chen et al., 2015; Fang, 2016; Hettiarachchi et al., 2018), such as the disastrous events of July 2021 in Zhengzhou, China (Guo et al., 2023) and in Europe, particularly in Germany and Belgium (Bosseler et al., 2021; Fekete & Sandholz, 2021). Urban floods cause huge economic losses and a high number of fatalities (Kreibich et al., 2019; Lv et al., 2022). Flood risk modeling and management is thus a high priority for sustainable urban management (Guo et al., 2021; Rosenzweig et al., 2021).…”