Optimal energy management of an isolated electric Tuk-Tuk charging station powered by hybrid renewable systems

Bokopane, Lindiwe; Kusakana, K.; Vermaak, H.J.

doi:10.1109/due.2015.7102981

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The Brikama-Manduar shuttle could equally well be served, e.g., by tuk-tuks (autorickshaws). These are small, lightweight, 3-wheeled vehicles that are well suited to the local conditions as they originated in India, are in widespread use across Asia, and are now gaining a foothold in certain parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) too (Bokopane et al, 2015). With a significantly lower energy consumption per kilometre traveled than a car or van, an electric tuk-tuk would require a much smaller PV system to recharge it.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of other electric vehicle options were explored for suitability to this research exercise, including small and midrange hatchbacks, a two-seater quadricycle and a three-wheeled autorickshaw, as modeled, e.g., by Bokopane et al (2015). The quadricycle and autorickshaw both benefitted from being lightweight, which allows more traveling range for a given amount of energy input, but their load-carrying capacities and limited speed would restrict the range of markets they could serve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Findings From a Pilot Study of Electric Vehicle Recharging From a Stand-Alone Solar Minigrid

Gammon

Sallah

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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The symbiosis between smart minigrids and electric mobility has the potential to improve the cost and reliability of energy access for off-grid communities while providing low-carbon transport services. This study explores the commercial viability of using electric vehicles (EVs), recharged by solar minigrids, to provide transport services in off-grid communities. Preliminary findings are presented from a field trial in The Gambia that aims to assess the techno-economic feasibility of integrating sustainable energy and transport infrastructures in sun-rich regions of the Global South. As a dispatchable anchor load, an EV can improve the technical and economic performance of a minigrid by providing demand-side response services. In the developing world, rural communities are often among the poorest, and inadequate transport services remain a major barrier to wealth-creation. Some solutions to this situation may be transferrable to island communities, which share similar challenges in terms of access to energy and fuel. The first of its kind in Africa, this field trial uses an electric minivan, operating from an off-grid village where it has access to a minigrid whose 4.5 kWp of photovoltaic modules form the roof of a parking shelter for the vehicle. While there, the taxi can recharge, ideally during sunny periods when the photovoltaic array produces surplus power, thus allowing the EV’s battery to recharge while bypassing the minigrid’s own accumulator. This improves system reliability and cost effectiveness, while providing pollution-free energy for the taxi. Ultimately, the intention is to test different vehicles in a variety of circumstances, but this paper outlines only the preliminary findings of the first of these trials. Early results provide convincing new evidence that commercial viability of such a concept is possible in Sub-Saharan Africa. Some promising scenarios for commercial viability are identified, which warrant further investigation, since they suggest that a taxi driver’s earnings could be increased between 250 and 1,300% in local operations, and even 20-fold in tourist markets, depending on vehicle type, minigrid configuration and target market. It is hoped that these may encourage the rollout of solar-recharged EVs where the nexus of sustainable energy and transport systems are likely to make the greatest contribution to addressing the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, by helping to solve the trilemma of providing energy security, social benefit and environmental sustainability in low-income countries.

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Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Findings From a Pilot Study of Electric Vehicle Recharging From a Stand-Alone Solar Minigrid

Gammon

Sallah

2021

Front. Energy Res.

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“…2. Annual Solar Radiation in South Africa [33] Wind Power Opportunities. Most wind energy usage in South Africa occurs at onshore facilities [32].…”

Section: Opportunities Of Ret In Samentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges for South Africa

Imoisili,

Jen

2024

Engineering Headway

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One of Africa's biggest problems, which has an impact on its social and economic growth, is its lack of access to electricity. Due to its reliance on coal, South Africa (SA) has been acknowledged as one of the nations in Sub-Saharan Africa that has had difficulty developing its energy infrastructure. South Africa is the biggest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2) in Africa due to its dependence on coal. The nation has been forced to switch to cleaner energy technologies like solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, and hydropower. However, as South Africa made the move from an energy based on fossil fuels to renewable energy technology (RET), it encountered both obstacles and opportunities. The review will examined the difficulties that South Africa faces, including governmental regulations, budgetary restrictions, technological issues, lack of awareness, and cultural issues. Furthermore, some of the enormous prospects for RET that exist in the nation, including solar, wind, and biomass, was also discussed.

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“…In this method, during the failure of the utility grid, the on-grid solar system will not work, and the off-grid solar system only will work in standalone mode along with the battery bank. However, the prolonged failure of grid supply or utility shadow areas is not safe for the battery banks to obtain a complete recharge cycle; therefore, the life of the battery banks will be under threat, as suggested by authors in [34,35]. Furthermore, some industrial consultants are keeping their option to run diesel generators to provide power supply to ICCP during the prolonged interruption.…”

Section: Existing Research Gap and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Nanogrid for the Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System in Desalination Plant

2023

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The impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) scheme is a more reliable and efficient method of corrosion prevention mechanism than the sacrificial method. Currently, the grid connected transformer rectifier units supported with a battery banks are used for the ICCP-based corrosion protection system in the desalination plant. This conventional method is entirely grid-dependent, more expensive, and suffers during prolonged grid failure. The present trend of industrialization is the application of multi-renewable energy sources based on a nanogrid to power the station’s auxiliary power supply. This paper introduces a concept of distributed energy resources (DERs) operated integrated nanogrid (ING) system to provide a stable power supply solution to the ICCP scheme. A 100-million-litter per day capacity-based seawater desalination plant (SWDP) in India has been chosen as the test station. The conceptual hardware design and operational logic details for smooth integration of the integrated nanogrid module into the ICCP scheme of the Desalination plant is proposed. This research aims to investigate the behaviour of DERs during on-grid, off-grid and switching over from one mode of operation to another and vice-versa by using the accelerated Gauss–Seidel method in ETAP software (version 16.0.0). The simulation results confirm that the ING suffers from a high-frequency change rate during islanded operation, and in some cases, a complete blackout occurs. A PLC-based Smart Versatile ING Controller has been suggested to overcome the blackout issue. Finally, it has been proven that the stability of an industrial power system can be improved further by introducing the ING module into it.

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Optimal energy management of an isolated electric Tuk-Tuk charging station powered by hybrid renewable systems

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Preliminary Findings From a Pilot Study of Electric Vehicle Recharging From a Stand-Alone Solar Minigrid

Preliminary Findings From a Pilot Study of Electric Vehicle Recharging From a Stand-Alone Solar Minigrid

Renewable Energy Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges for South Africa

Integrated Nanogrid for the Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System in Desalination Plant

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