Optimal Location of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems

Gullotta, Aurora; Butler, David; Campisano, Alberto; Creaco, Enrico; Farmani, Raziyeh; Modica, Carlo

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001370

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The alternate processes of filling and emptying of the network are always characterised by transitory conditions of unbalance between input and output flows. Transitory phases may have duration of several days before a condition of regime is achieved (Gullotta et al 2021). For this reason, all the simulations presented in this work were run up to the achievement of the condition of regime, that was considered to be achieved when the daily values of SR and UC do not change anymore during the simulation.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Equity In Water Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) UC = 1 − ADEV ASR vice-versa. Therefore, although originally developed for the analysis of urban drainage systems, it has demonstrated to simulate properly the intermittent behaviour of WDSs also in the description of the filling and emptying phases of the network (Campisano et al 2018;Gullotta et al 2021). A detailed description of the two SA optimization schemes is reported in the following paragraphs.…”

Section: Sa Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, they can supply water for the whole 24 h but making only a fraction of the water daily demand available. In both cases, the WDS behaves as an intermittent system, with cyclical phases of network filling/emptying and users that may have access to water in a discontinuous way (Ameyaw et al 2013;Gullotta et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these approaches are based on the installation of control valves or other control devices in the network. Gullotta et al (2021) proposed a methodology to identify optimal sites and settings of control valves in the network to re-arrange flow circulation into pipes with the aim of improving the equity in water distribution among the users. The authors developed specific multi-objective genetic algorithms based on the Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) (Deb et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed methodology is based on a single-objective algorithm of Sequential Addition (SA) of the control valves in the network. The developed algorithm was combined with EPA-SWMM (Cabrera-Bejar and Tzatchkov 2009; Manish and Buchberger 2012) and its performance was tested through the application to the same network proposed by Gullotta et al (2021), in order to allow comparison between SA and NSGA II algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Simplified Methodology for Optimal Location and Setting of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems

Gullotta

Campisano

Creaco

et al. 2021

Water Resour Manage

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In this paper, a simplified methodology to increase the water distribution equity in existing intermittent water distribution systems (WDSs) is presented. The methodology assumes to install valves in the water distribution network with the objective to re-arrange the flow circulation, thus allowing an improved water distribution among the network users. Valve installation in the WDS is based on the use of algorithms of sequential addition (SA). Two optimization schemes based on SA were developed and tested. The first one allows identifying locations of gate valves in order to maximize the global distribution equity of the network, irrespectively of the local impact of the valves on the supply level of the single nodes. Conversely, the second scheme aims to maximize the global equity of the network by optimizing both location and setting (opening degree) of control valves, to include the impact of the new flow circulation on the supply level of each node. The two optimization schemes were applied to a case study network subject to water shortage conditions. The software EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used for the simulations in the wake of previous successful applications for the analysis of intermittent water distribution systems. Results of the application of the SA algorithms were also compared with those from the literature and obtained by the use of the multi-objective Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II). The results show the high performance of SA algorithms in identifying optimal position and settings of the valves in the WDS. The comparison pointed out that SA algorithms are able to perform similarly to NSGA II and, at the same time, to reduce significantly the computational effort associated to the optimization process.

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Section: Evaluation Of Equity In Water Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sa Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Simplified Methodology for Optimal Location and Setting of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems

Gullotta

Campisano

Creaco

et al. 2021

Water Resour Manage

Self Cite

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Classification Based Analysis of Intermittent Water Supply (IWS) with EPA-SWMM

Sarisen

Farmani

Memon

2022

Preprint

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For the analysis of water distribution systems, hydraulic simulation is of great importance; however, there are no suitable and holistic simulation tools for Intermittent Water Supply (IWS), so researchers are forced to utilise EPA-SWMM software, which needs some modifications to make it suitable for IWS analysis. This study focuses on providing a generic IWS analysis method in EPA-SWMM. Firstly, IWSs were classified according to coping strategies (e.g., household tank installation) customer satisfaction, supply schedule and duration to provide a unified terminology to the body of knowledge and assist in predicting the systems' behaviour, which should be reflected in the modelling process. Then EPA-SWMM based modelling approaches were compared paying attention to the case studies applied and two improved hydraulic modelling approaches have been proposed depending on the customer satisfaction of the network (namely i) unsatisfied IWS, ii) satisfied and partially satisfied IWS). Ultimately, customer satisfaction is the key, as the IWS systems are driven by user water consumption behaviours that are based on the demand-supply relationship. The application of the proposed methods to two different case studies and comparison with the state-of-the-art methods demonstrated their capability, compatibility with EPA-SWMM operating principles, and the ability to simulate the IWS system behaviour in a more realistic manner. In addition, the proposed methods are generic, unlike the available ones, which, in most cases, are only applicable to the specific case study.

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Modelling Stormwater Runoff Changes Induced by Ground-Mounted Photovoltaic Solar Parks: A Conceptualization in EPA-SWMM

Gullotta

Aschale

Peres

et al. 2023

Water Resour Manage

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A modelling framework for the simulation of stormwater runoff in ground-mounted photovoltaic solar parks is proposed. Elements in the solar park and their mutual interactions during precipitation events are conceptualized in EPA-SWMM. We demonstrate the potential of the framework by exploring how different factors influence runoff formation. Specifically, we carry out simulations for different sizes of the installation, soil types and input hyetographs. We also show the effect of ground cover, by changing the surface roughness. Outflow discharge from the park is compared to that from a reference catchment to evaluate variations of peak flow and runoff volume. Results highlight no practical changes in runoff in the short term after installation. However, in the long term, modifications in soil cover may lead to some potential increase of runoff. For instance, increments of the peak flow from the solar park up to 21% and 35% are obtained for roughness coefficient reductions of 10% and 20%, respectively. The proposed modelling approach can be beneficial for studying hydrological impacts of solar parks and thus for planning measures for their mitigation.

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Optimal Location of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

A Simplified Methodology for Optimal Location and Setting of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems

A Simplified Methodology for Optimal Location and Setting of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems

Classification Based Analysis of Intermittent Water Supply (IWS) with EPA-SWMM

Modelling Stormwater Runoff Changes Induced by Ground-Mounted Photovoltaic Solar Parks: A Conceptualization in EPA-SWMM

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