“…Most of new end-effectors used for self-relocation (Han et al, 2016 ), target capturing (Liu et al, 2015 ; Kwok Choon et al, 2018 ), surface sampling (Moreland et al, 2018 ), and spacecraft refueling (Medina et al, 2017 ) were tested and verified carefully before on-orbit applications. Moreover, many algorithmic procedures have been presented and verified on an air bearing testbed for theoretical research such as capturing controller design Huang et al ( 2018 ), on-orbit parameters identification and calibration (Li et al, 2017 ; Meng et al, 2020 ), and trajectory planning for space manipulators (Sabatini et al, 2017 ).…”