Optimal Persistent Currents for Interacting Bosons on a Ring with a Gauge Field

Cominotti, Marco; Rossini, Davide; Rizzi, Matteo; Hekking, F. W. J.; Minguzzi, Anna

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.113.025301

Cited by 93 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…It has been previously discussed that this is an accurate description for weak interactions between the bosons [51][52][53]. In this case we need to use a dressed single-particle wave functionf k…”

Section: Fig 1: (Color Online) A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum impurity in a one-dimensional trapped Bose gas

2015

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We present a new theoretical framework for describing an impurity in a trapped Bose system in one spatial dimension. The theory handles any external confinement, arbitrary mass ratios, and a weak interaction may be included between the Bose particles. To demonstrate our technique, we calculate the ground state energy and properties of a sample system with eight bosons and find an excellent agreement with numerically exact results. Our theory can thus provide definite predictions for experiments in cold atomic gases.PACS numbers: 03.75. Mn,67.85.Pq An impurity interacting with a reservoir of quantum particles is an essential problem of fundamental physics. Famous examples include a single charge in a polarizable environment, the Landau-Pekar polaron [1, 2], a neutral particle in superfluid 4 He [3], a magnetic impurity in a metal resulting in the Kondo effect [4], and a single scattering potential inside an ideal Fermi gas [5,6]. The latter system is famous for the Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe [7]. In these settings the impurity behavior can provide key insights into the many-body physics and guide our understanding of more general setups.A complicating feature of many impurity problems is the presence of interactions at a level that often precludes the use of perturbative analysis and self-consistent mean-field approximations. This implies that analytical approaches are highly desirable and exact solutions are, when available, coveted tools for benchmarking other techniques. This is particularly true for one-dimensional (1D) homogeneous systems where solutions can often be found based on the Bethe ansatz [8][9][10][11][12][13]. These solutions are the essential ingredients for our analytical understanding of highly controllable experiments with cold atoms [14][15][16][17][18][19]. For instance, the exactly solvable problem of the single impurity in a 1D Fermi sea [10] -the Fermi polaron -can be used to study the atom-by-atom formation of a 1D Fermi sea [20].While Fermi polarons have been studied intensively in recent times using cold atomic setups both experimentally and theoretically [21][22][23][24][25], the physics of impurities in a bosonic environment is only now becoming a frontier in cold atom experiments [26][27][28][29]. This pursuit requires theoretical models for describing the Bose polaron [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48], where, in contrast to the Fermi polaron, an exact solution is not known even for a homogeneous 1D system. Here we provide a new theoretical framework that captures the properties of an impurity in a bosonic bath confined in one spatial dimension. Our (semi)-analytical theory thus provides a state-of-the-art tool for exploring the properties of Bose polarons in 1D.The proposed framework works with a zero-range potential of any strength and handles any number of ma- FIG. 1: (color online) a)A sketch of the doubly-degenerate ground state for the system of one A and eight B particles trapped in a one-dimensional harmonic potential ...

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Section: Fig 1: (Color Online) A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum impurity in a one-dimensional trapped Bose gas

2015

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“…The ring trap can be constructed by using Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams for azimuthal confinement and a pair of laser sheets for tight vertical confinement [32,33]. Atoms propagating in a ring-shape trap with periodic boundary conditions could further allow cold-atom studies of entanglement between boson species [34] and persistent current of interacting bosons [6].…”

Section: Experimental Realization Of Hysteresis In Noninteracting mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work has focused on persistent current measurement of atomic superfluids. While bosonic atoms are commonly implemented, studies of fermion persistent current in cold atoms remain less explored [4][5][6]. Past experiments studying persistent current in mesoscopic rings came across difficulties with disorder and interaction effects, and cold atoms seem to be ideal systems for studying the persistent current of non-interacting fermions in a ring [1,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hysteresis of noninteracting and spin-orbit-coupled atomic Fermi gases with relaxation

2016

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Hysteresis can be found in driven many-body systems such as magnets and superfluids. Rate-dependent hysteresis arises when a system is driven periodically while relaxing towards equilibrium. A two-state paramagnet driven by an oscillating magnetic field in the relaxation approximation clearly demonstrates rate-dependent hysteresis. A noninteracting atomic Fermi gas in an optical ring potential, when driven by a periodic artificial gauge field and subjected to dissipation, is shown to exhibit hysteresis loops of atomic current due to a competition of the driving time and the relaxation time. This is in contrast to electronic systems exhibiting equilibrium persistent current driven by magnetic flux due to rapid relaxation. Universal behavior of the dissipated energy in one hysteresis loop is observed in both the magnetic and atomic systems, showing linear and inverse-linear dependence on the relaxation time in the strong and weak dissipation regimes. While interactions in general invalidate the framework for rate-dependent hysteresis, an atomic Fermi gas with artificial spin-orbit coupling exhibits hysteresis loops of atomic currents. Cold-atoms in ring-shape potentials are thus promising in demonstrating rate-dependent hysteresis and its associated phenomena.

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“…By rotating such a barrier it is possible to induce current [16] and to drive phase-slips between quantized superfluid states of a low dimensional toroidal ring [15]. Such mesoscopic devices open a new arena for detailed study of complex Hamiltonian dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triangular Bose-Hubbard trimer as a minimal model for a superfluid circuit

2014

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The triangular Bose-Hubbard trimer is topologically the minimal model for a BEC superfluid circuit. As a dynamical system of two coupled freedoms it has mixed phase-space with chaotic dynamics. We employ a semiclassical perspective to study triangular trimer physics beyond the conventional picture of the superfluid-to-insulator transition. From the analysis of the PeierlsNabarro energy landscape, we deduce the various regimes in the (Ω, u) parameter-space, where u is the interaction, and Ω is the superfluid rotation-velocity. We thus characterize the superfluidstability and chaoticity of the many-body eigenstates throughout the Hilbert space.

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Optimal Persistent Currents for Interacting Bosons on a Ring with a Gauge Field

Cited by 93 publications

References 64 publications

Quantum impurity in a one-dimensional trapped Bose gas

Quantum impurity in a one-dimensional trapped Bose gas

Hysteresis of noninteracting and spin-orbit-coupled atomic Fermi gases with relaxation

Triangular Bose-Hubbard trimer as a minimal model for a superfluid circuit

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