Optimal Power Transmission of Offshore Wind Power Using a VSC-HVdc Interconnection

Abstract

High-voltage dc transmission based on voltage-source converter (VSC-HVdc) is quickly increasing its power rating, and it can be the most appropriate link for the connection of offshore wind farms (OWFs) to the grid in many locations. This paper presents a steady-state operation model to calculate the optimal power transmission of an OWF connected to the grid through a VSC-HVdc link. The wind turbines are based on doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs), and a detailed model of the internal OWF grid is considered in the model. The objective of the optimization problem is to maximize the active power output of the OWF, i.e., the reduction of losses, by considering the optimal reactive power allocation while taking into account the restrictions imposed by the available wind power, the reactive power capability of the DFIG, the DC link model, and the operating conditions. Realistic simulations are performed to evaluate the proposed model and to execute optimal operation analyses. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method and demonstrate the advantages of using the reactive control performed by DFIG to achieve the optimal operation of the VSC-HVdc.

Assessment of the Potential of Energy Extracted from Waves and Wind to Supply Offshore Oil Platforms Operating in the Gulf of Mexico

“…Wind energy was assumed to be extracted by one Vestas V90 3 MW wind turbine. It is one of the most widely used offshore wind turbines in the world, and its power curve has been provided by the manufacturer (Figure 3) [33,34]. The Vestas V90 3 MW has a hub height of 80 m, diameter of 90 m, cut-in wind speed of 4 m/s, rated wind speed of 16 m/s, cut-out wind speed of 25 m/s, and restart (cut-back-in) wind speed of 20 m/s [54].…”

Power-from-Shore Optioneering for Integration of Offshore Renewable Energy in Oil and Gas Production

“…The methodology for the reactive power incorporation and impact evaluation on the performance of an HVAC export cable system is also validated in [7], and the comparisons between AC and DC are noted in [8]. Alternatively, the advantages of pairing a DFIG-based (doubly-fed induction generator) offshore wind turbine generator (WTG) with VSC-based HVDC to improve the overall performance of the export system are noted [9] while the wide-scale deployment of said technologies for the growing large-scale OWF is once more validated in [10].…”

Contingency Control Capability of an Optimized HVDC-Based VSC Transmission System

“…2 represents VSC-HVDC transmission system, whose dc link voltage is regulated by one converter and active power flow by the other [27]. whose amplitude and frequency are constant, the current and voltage harmonics for converters are negligible, the dc components have no ripples and, the internal losses of converters are negligible [28]. Therefore, equivalent representation of Fig.…”