Optimal re-dispatch of an isolated system considering transient stability constraints

Advanced application of transient stability constrained‐optimal power flow to a transmission system including an HVDC‐LCC link

“…Parameters of the lines, the transformers, the loads and the limits of operation, can be obtained from [8].…”

“…These equations are a generalisation of (9) and include the HVDC link. The values of these currents are computed as a function of the internal voltages of the machines, the voltage at the PCC of the HVDC link and the reduced admittance matrix. Equation (26) is used to calculate the angle of the centre of inertia (COI) at each time step and (27) represents the transient stability criterion [8, 12, 29, 30]. The COI provides a reference, making it possible to separate the rotor angle deviations because of the electromechanical oscillations from the deviations that result from the acceleration of the system.…”

“…The Appendix provides detailed data regarding the dynamic parameters of the generators (Table 4) and the generation prices (Table 5). Parameters of the lines, the transformers, the loads and the limits of operation, can be obtained from [8].…”

“…During the past decade, TSC-OPF techniques have received increasing attention, with clearly differentiated approaches for representing and assessing the problem of transient stability [1,4]. In the traditional TSC-OPF methods, transient stability constraints are formulated as rotor angle swing equations [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The differential equations used in the dynamic models of synchronous machines are converted to algebraic form, using implicit numerical integration methods, such as the trapezoidal rule and are included in the optimisation model [5].…”

“…For example, Chen et al [6] proposed a method based on functional transformation techniques and converted an infinite-dimensional into a finite-dimensional optimisation problem. In [7,8], a modified formulation using the reduced admittance matrix to represent the electric power in the swing equation was used, which considerably reduced the equality constraints. These studies allowed in [7] to implement multi-contingencies studies.…”