Optimal retraining time for regaining functional fitness using multicomponent training after long-term detraining in older adults

Lee, Minyoung; Lim, Taehyun; Lee, Jae-Hyuk; Kim, Kimyeong; Yoon, BumChul

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2017.07.028

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Bezerra et al [ 30 ] reported that after one year of the cessation of exercise, older women maintained their FCs, localized muscular endurance and handgrip strengths, and recommended that low-intensity activities should be performed to reduce the age-related decline in physical capacity. A study by Lee et al [ 36 ] with the same 12-month detraining period reported that was not enough to reverse functional capacities to baseline values with the exception of upper limb flexibility, a result that is partially similar to our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Sobrinho et al [ 20 ] showed only 14 weeks of an METP combined with flexibility training is enough to promote increases in the flexibility of inactive older women and improvements in blood pressure. The hemodynamic and lipid profiles improved after the METP and were in line with the results of studies ( Table 3 ) [ 17 , 18 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ] that concluded that exercise helps older women regulate their blood pressure, triglycerides and total cholesterol, such as a study by Tofas et al [ 38 ] that reported significant improvements in SBP and DBP after 8 months of resistance training.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women

Leitão

Marocolo

Souza

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Chronic diseases are the leading causes of death and disability in older women. Physical exercise training programs promote beneficial effects for health and quality of life. However, exercise interruption periods may be detrimental for the hemodynamic and lipidic profiles of hypertensive older women with dyslipidemia. Methods: Nineteen hypertensive older women with dyslipidemia (exercise group: 67.5 ± 5.4 years, 1.53 ± 3.42 m, 71.84 ± 7.45 kg) performed a supervised multicomponent exercise training program (METP) during nine months, followed by a one-year detraining period (DT), while fourteen hypertensive older women (control group: 66.4 ± 5.2 years, 1.56 ± 3.10 m, 69.38 ± 5.24 kg) with dyslipidemia kept their continued daily routine without exercise. For both groups, hemodynamic and lipidic profiles and functional capacities (FCs) were assessed four times: before and after the METP and after 3 and 12 months of DT (no exercise was carried out). Results: The METP improved hemodynamic and lipidic profiles (p < 0.05), while three months of DT decreased all (p < 0.05) parameters, with the exception of diastolic blood pressure (DBP). One year of DT significantly (p < 0.01) decreased systolic blood pressure (7.85%), DBP (2.29%), resting heart rate (7.95%), blood glucose (19.14%), total cholesterol (10.27%), triglycerides (6.92%) and FC—agility (4.24%), lower- (−12.75%) and upper-body strength (−12.17%), cardiorespiratory capacity (−4.81%) and lower- (−16.16%) and upper-body flexibility (−11.11%). Conclusion: Nine months of the exercise program significantly improved the hemodynamic and lipid profiles as well as the functional capacities of hypertensive older women with dyslipidemia. Although a detraining period is detrimental to these benefits, it seems that the first three months are more prominent in these alterations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women

Leitão

Marocolo

Souza

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Detraining can be considered the partial or total interruption of an exercise program or a partial or total loss of exercise benefits in response to an insufficient training stimulus, with both depending on the duration of training cessation or insufficient training [13,15]. Some studies have described that both metabolic and functional adaptations from exercise programs can decrease even after short detraining periods (DT) due to unexpected causes such as illness and vacation [4,6,13,15,16,17,18]. This fact may result in a reduction in the benefits achieved during the exercise program as functional performance by reducing the physiological capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program

Leitão

Pereira

Mazini

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Physical exercise results in very important benefits including preventing disease and promoting the quality of life of older individuals. Common interruptions and training cessation are associated with the loss of total health profile, and specifically cardiorespiratory fitness. Would detraining (DT) promote different effects in the cardiorespiratory and health profiles of trained and sedentary older women? Forty-seven older women were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG) (EG: n = 28, 70.3 ± 2.3 years; CG: n = 19, 70.1 ± 5.6 years). Oxygen uptake (VO2) and health profile assessments were conducted after the exercise program and after three months of detraining. The EG followed a nine-month multicomponent exercise program before a three-month detraining period. The CG maintained their normal activities. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant increases in total heath and VO2 (p < 0.01) profile over a nine-month exercise period in the EG and no significant increases in the CG. DT led to greater negative effects on total cholesterol (4.35%, p < 0.01), triglycerides (3.89%, p < 0.01), glucose (4.96%, p < 0.01), resting heart rate (5.15%, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (4.13%, p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (3.38%, p < 0.01), the six-minute walk test (7.57%, p < 0.01), Pulmonary Ventilation (VE) (10.16%, p < 0.01), the Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) (9.78, p < 0.05), and VO2/heart rate (HR) (16.08%, p < 0.01) in the EG. DT may induce greater declines in total health profile and in VO2, mediated, in part, by the effectiveness of multicomponent training particularly developed for older women.

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“…In recent decades, some studies have examined the effects of strength and resistance retraining in active older people through measures related to strength, power, and muscle mass [33][34][35], in addition to postural control [36], but only a few researches focused on retraining based on an MTP [37]. The optimal retraining period for a trained older person to recover their FC after DT is an important aspect [37], specifically because older people usually interrupt their physical training programs when they spend summer vacations with their family [36], a period that may be prolonged for 2 to 3 months of DT [38]. Understanding the adaptations that come from retraining with an MTP can lead older adults to not stop training until they recover their functional capacity, lipid, and hemodynamic profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detraining and Retraining Effects from a Multicomponent Training Program on the Functional Capacity and Health Profile of Physically Active Prehypertensive Older Women

Leitão,

Campos,

Louro

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Background: Resuming a physical exercise program after a period of cessation is common in older women. Monitoring the responses during this detraining (DT) and retraining (RT) may allow us to analyze how the body reacts to an increase and a reduction in physical inactivity. Therefore, we conducted a follow-up training, DT, and RT in prehypertensive older women to analyze the response to these periods. Methods: Twenty-three prehypertensive older women (EG; 68.3 ± 2.8 years; 1.61 ± 0.44 m) performed 36 weeks of the multicomponent training program (MTP) followed by twelve weeks of DT plus eight weeks of RT. Fifteen prehypertensive older women (CG; 66.3 ± 3.2 years; 1.59 ± 0.37 m) maintained their normal routine. Functional capacity (FC), lipid, and hemodynamic profile were assessed before, during 24 and 36 weeks of the MTP, after 4 and 12 weeks of DT, and after 8 weeks of RT. Results: After 24 weeks of the MTP, only SBP did not improve. Four weeks of DT did not affect lower body strength (30-CS), TC, or GL. Eight weeks of RT improved BP (SBP: −2.52%; ES: 0.36; p < 0.00; DBP: −1.45%; ES: 0.44; p < 0.02), handgrip strength (3.77%; ES: 0.51; p < 0.00), and 30-CS (3.17%; ES: 0.38; p < 0.04) compared with 36 weeks of the MTP. Conclusions: Eight weeks of RT allowed patients to recover the benefits lost with detraining, which after only four weeks affected them negatively, and the systematic practice of exercise contributed to greater regulation of BP since 24 weeks of the MTP proved not to be enough to promote positive effects of SBP.

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Optimal retraining time for regaining functional fitness using multicomponent training after long-term detraining in older adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women

Three-Month vs. One-Year Detraining Effects after Multicomponent Exercise Program in Hypertensive Older Women

Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program

Detraining and Retraining Effects from a Multicomponent Training Program on the Functional Capacity and Health Profile of Physically Active Prehypertensive Older Women

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