Optimal Solution for an Energy Efficient Construction of a Ventilated Façade Obtained by a Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

To design a residential or commercial building with high energy performance that would be economical at the same time, an analysis was performed that relates these two aspects of the problem. The first aspect is focused on evaluation of the thermal performance of a multi-layered wall in order to achieve the lowest energy consumption for heating and cooling. The second aspect of the analysis covered the choice of materials (type, thickness and price) so that the building has the lowest possible construction costs, but the best achieved thermal comfort. The three types of external walls with the same structure were analyzed in this paper. The lowest and highest values of the layer thickness offered by the manufacturer were chosen and their dynamic characteristics for the heat transfer were calculated. The following step was to perform optimization of the objective function, which was defined by the unit price of the material per mass of the material, that is, the economical aspect was provided. The genetic algorithm method was used to obtain the optimal thickness of the external wall layers that provided the best dynamic characteristics for the heat transfer in the defined conditions.

Passive Strategies for Building Retrofitting: Performances Analysis and Incentive Policies for the Iranian Scenario

“…In addition, passive retrofit actions are usually less invasive, allowing for renovations without changing the structure of historical buildings [26]. One of the most useful passive strategies to decrease energy usage in buildings is installing a second-skin (SS) facade system [17,20,23,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The SS facade systems consist of a standard facade, an air cavity, and an additional external skin.…”

“…The SS facade systems consist of a standard facade, an air cavity, and an additional external skin. According to [17,20,23,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], the proper design of the SS facade systems can lead to several environmental and economic advantages; these benefits can be summarized as:…”

“…The literature review [17,20,23,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] highlighted a number of benefits achievable using the SS facade system. In addition, the part of the literature review related to the Iranian climate [27][28][29][30]35,36] highlighted that: (i) all the analyzed researches are focused on temperate climates, (ii) glass is usually used as SS material, and (iii) only one research evaluated the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.…”

Event-Based Under-Frequency Load Shedding Scheme in a Standalone Power System

“…PSO is used to solve Equations ( 3)-( 9) in this paper for two reasons. (a) PSO searches for the global optimum and outperforms traditional evolutionary algorithms (such as genetic algorithms) [33] and (b) PSO does not have to compute the gradient of implicit F 2 , which is obtained herein by time-domain simulation using Simulink.…”

Eco-Efficient Ventilated Facades Based on Circular Economy for Residential Buildings as an Improvement of Energy Conditions

“…It is essential to promote sustainable practices to reactivate the world economy. There are projects that propose sustainable constructions at low economic cost [4]. An example is the circular economy.…”