Optimal Strategies for Hybrid Battery‐Storage Systems Design

Abstract

As stationary hybrid energy‐storage systems (HESS) for power systems applications have recently drawn interest due to their enhanced performance and decreasing cost, developing systematic approaches for HESS design while considering controls is gaining traction. Herein, a method is presented to optimally design hybrid battery storage by proposing a mathematical modeling framework, formulated as a mixed integer linear programming model. The optimization is capable of handling multiple subsystems of batteries, considering their economic and technological performance. Decisions involve sizing of the batteries, optimal temporal and strategic dispatch to end uses, and energy sources for charging each battery. The applicability of the model is tested on four case studies for three battery chemistries representing distinct objectives: high‐power, high‐energy, and second life. Compared to traditionally designed battery storage with a homogeneous battery, optimally designed hybrid systems can save 12%–26% of system costs, depending on the nature of the dispatch profile. Findings point to design preference toward the second life battery supplemented with some high‐power or high‐energy battery capacity, or both. With the utilized electricity price structure, customers can experience approximately 10%–35% reduction in their bills.

Effect of Secondary Phase on Electroless Ni Plating Behaviour of Super Duplex Stainless Steel SAF2507 for Advanced Li-Ion Battery Case

“…The demand for Li-ion batteries is increasing owing to the increased demand for vehicles (electric cars) and electronic devices (phones, laptops, etc.) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Various studies have been conducted aiming to enhance the performance of Li-ion batteries and ensure their safety [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Effect of Secondary Phase on Passivation Layer of Super Duplex Stainless Steel UNS S 32750: Advanced Safety of Li-Ion Battery Case Materials

“…These studies aimed to detect the state of the battery in the early stages of heat generation; however, delaying the reaction was inevitable once the heating reaction began [ 8 , 9 ]. Koelva studied the hybrid battery storage [ 10 ]. Therefore, systems have been developed to suppress explosions at high temperatures during heating reactions.…”