Optimal temperature profiles for minimum residual stress in the cure process of polymer composites

Gopal, Ajith K.; Adali, Sarp; Verijenko, V.E.

doi:10.1016/s0263-8223(99)00080-x

Cited by 76 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As far as analytical methods are concerned, residual stresses in composites are generally studied on the macro-and meso/microlevels. On the macro-level, classical laminate theory is generally used and gives predictions at the ply level (Stone et al, 1997;Olivier and Cottu, 1998;Gopal et al, 2000). On the meso/microlevel, the unit cell or representative volume element (RVE) approach based on the meso/microscopic periodic structure of the laminate is generally adopted and the analysis is often carried out using a numerical procedure such as the finite element method (Andersson et al, 2000;Sweeting and Thomson, 2004;Zhang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A micromechanical study of residual stress and its effect on transverse failure in polymer–matrix composites

Warrior

Long

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cure residual stress and its effect on damage in unidirectional fibre-reinforced polymer-matrix composites under transverse loading were studied using a micromechanical unit cell model and the finite element method. The overall residual stress introduced from curing was determined by considering two contributions: volume shrinkage of matrix resin from the crosslink polymerization during isothermal curing and thermal contraction of both resin and fibre as a result of cooling from the curing temperature to room temperature. To examine the effect of residual stress on failure, a model based on the Maximum Principal Stress criterion and stiffness degradation technique was used for damage analysis of the unit cell subjected to mechanical loading after curing. Predicted damage initiation and evolution are clearly influenced by the inclusion of residual stress. Residual stress is always detrimental for transverse compressive loading and pure shear loading. For transverse tensile loading, residual stress is detrimental for relatively low resin strength and beneficial for relatively high resin strength. Failure envelopes were obtained for both biaxial normal loading and combined shear and normal loading and the results show that residual stress results in a shifting and contraction of the failure envelopes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A micromechanical study of residual stress and its effect on transverse failure in polymer–matrix composites

Warrior

Long

2006

International Journal of Solids and Structures

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are already some works which try to decrease the stress by cure process optimization [33] [34], but they unaccounted the meaning of the vitrification for the stress formation. A set of BCB experiments was done to examine the heat up cool down potential of stress decreasing by process optimization.…”

Section: Benefits Of the Kinetic Model For The Bcb Polymerization Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization of Thin Film Polymers

Woehrmann¹,

Toepper²

2012

New Polymers for Special Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Hahn (1992a, 1992b) used a one-dimensional nonlinear thermoviscoelastic model to predict the residual stress moments through the thickness of composites during processing. The same model was later used by Gopal et al (2000) to determine optimal boundary temperatures to minimize the residual stress moments in composite structures. Li et al (2001b), first considering only a thermochemical model and Li and Tucker (2001), adding a consolidation model, found minimal time cure cycles based on a Fig.…”

Section: Manufacturing Analysis and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hybrid-adjoint method: a semi-analytic gradient evaluation technique applied to composite cure cycle optimization

Kennedy

Hansen

2008

Optim Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A method is presented for determining the optimal autoclave temperature history for pre-impregnated thermoset composites based on their failure performance. A coupled finite-element model that incorporates a thermochemical and incremental elastic analysis is used to predict the residual stress distribution at the edge of a thick composite beam. The optimal autoclave temperature is sought using a gradientbased optimization algorithm. The objective is designed to maximize the minimum failure load of the manufactured beam amongst a set of load cases, while the constraints are imposed to ensure that the composite is uniformly cured and does not sustain temperature damage during the manufacturing process. The hybrid-adjoint, a novel semi-analytic gradient evaluation technique is developed, that incorporates elements of both the adjoint and direct sensitivity methods. Results demonstrate that the method is highly accurate and competitive with a full adjoint approach for a moderate number of design variables.

show abstract

Optimal temperature profiles for minimum residual stress in the cure process of polymer composites

Cited by 76 publications

References 15 publications

A micromechanical study of residual stress and its effect on transverse failure in polymer–matrix composites

A micromechanical study of residual stress and its effect on transverse failure in polymer–matrix composites

Polymerization of Thin Film Polymers

The hybrid-adjoint method: a semi-analytic gradient evaluation technique applied to composite cure cycle optimization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About