Optimasi Parameter Larutan Dan Parameter Proses Pemintalan Elektrik Pada Pembuatan Serat Nano Berbahan Dasar Kitosan/Peo

Abstract

ABSTRAKSerat nano kitosan telah berhasil dibuat dengan penambahan polietilen oksida (PEO) sebagai polimer sekunder pada kondisi larutan dan parameter proses pemintalan elektrik yang optimum. Pada penelitian ini, larutan polimer kitosan-PEO pada berbagai konsentrasi (1,6; 2,0; 2,4; 3,2; 3,6; dan 4,0 wt%) dan rasio (3:2, 3:1, dan 1:1) dipintal secara elektrik (electrospinning) untuk memperoleh serat dengan morfologi paling baik. Selain kondisi larutan, parameter proses pintal elektrik yang penting seperti tegangan, laju alir umpan, dan jarak antara jarum dengan kolektor juga disesuaikan untuk mendapatkan proses dengan kondisi jet polimer yang stabil. Serat nano yang terbaik, yakni tanpa butiran polimer (polymer microspheres) dan minim jumlah manik-manik (beads) berhasil diperoleh pada konsentrasi kitosan-PEO 4 wt% dan rasio 3:2. Parameter proses yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan serat ini yaitu tegangan 30 kV, laju alir umpan 0,3 ml/jam, dan jarak antara jarum dan kolektor 30 cm. Karakterisasi morfologi serat dari setiap eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop Phenom. Selanjutnya, serat nano terbaik yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan SEM dan diameter rata-rata serat diukur dengan aplikasi ImageJ. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa serat nano yang dihasilkan pada kondisi optimum memiliki diameter rata-rata 68 nm dan distribusi ukuran diameter serat tersebar cukup lebar mulai dari 30-150 nm.Kata kunci: serat nano, pemintalan elektrik, kitosan, polietilen oksida (PEO), optimasi parameter ABSTRACT Synthesis of chitosan nanofibers was successfully achieved by adding polyethylene oxide (PEO) as the secondary polymer at the optimized electrospinning solution condition and process parameters. In this research, chitosan-PEO blended polymer solution with varied concentration (1,4; 2,0; 2,4; 3,2; 3,6; and 4,0 wt%) and ratio (3:2, 3:1 and 1:1) was electrospun to obtain fibers with the best morphology. Furthermore, the important electrospinning process parameters, such as electrical potential, feed flow rate, and distance between the needle and collector were also adjusted in order to get a stable polymer jet during the spinning process. The best nanofibers without polymer microspheres and minimum beads was obtained at chitosan-PEO concentration and ratio of 4 wt% and 3:2, respectively. These nanofibers were fabricated at the optimized process parameters, i.e. electrical potential of 30 kV, feed flowrate of 0,3 ml/hour, and distance between needle and collector of 30 cm. Fiber morphology was observed using Phenom microscopy at every single experiment. Later, the optimized nanofibers with best morphology was characterized using SEM and the average fiber diameter was measured using ImageJ software. Result has showed that the optimized nanofibers has an average diameter of 68 nm with a broad fiber size distribution from 30 to 150 nm.

Effect of Collagen Concentration on Morphology of Pva/Chitosan Fibers Made by Electrospinning Method

“…5 One of the most widely used biopolymer material for biomedical application is chitosan. 6 Chitosan is a material obtained from deacetylation (the process of removing the acetyl group by adding an alkaline solution) of chitin. 7 Chitosan has been widely used in the medical field.…”