Optimisation of a lab-scale method for preparation of composite membranes with a filled dense top-layer

High flux membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN)—Interfacial polymerization with solvent activation

“…For membranes made by coating rubbery separating layers onto a support membrane, it has been shown that excessive penetration of the top layer into the support may reduce membrane flux considerably [18]. Toplayer intrusion can be reduced using a solvent or non-volatile additives (e.g., glycerol, mineral oil and hexadecane) to fill the pores of the support [19]. In the formation of TFC membranes by IP, it seems reasonable to speculate that such additives might not only keep the UF support pores open, but also prevent intrusion of the aqueous solution into the support, and prevent pore collapse.…”

High throughput study of phase inversion parameters for polyimide-based SRNF membranes

“…These include the composition of the polymer solution (solvent, cosolvent, additives and their respective concentrations) [7][8][9][10][11], the type of support material (glass, polymer, metal, non-wovens, etc.) [12], the thickness of the cast polymer film [13], the time and temperature of a possible evaporation step before immersion [14,15], the composition and temperature of the quenching bath [11,16,17], as well as the post-treatment [18,19] and conditioning of the membrane prior to filtration [20].…”

“…Solvent resistant nanofiltration (SRNF) where low-molecular weight compounds (200-1000 g/mol) are separated from organic solvents, is a relatively new but promising area, which offers a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical and (petro)chemical industries [33]. Being stable in a wide range of organic solvents, including alcohols, ethyl acetate, toluene and hexane, Matrimid ® membranes have been applied in SRNF, both as asymmetric membranes [20,21,[34][35][36][37] and as porous supports for composite membranes [12,38]. Furthermore, PI membranes can be easily stabilized in more demanding solvents, particularly aprotic solvents, via chemical cross-linking with diamines [39,40].…”

Surface modification of PTMSP membranes by plasma treatment: Asymmetry of transport in organic solvent nanofiltration

“…in the corresponding solvents as well as high retention of the target compounds, the polymers should be crosslinked [36,37]; the addition of fillers (e.g. zeolites in PDMS [38,39]) can also improve the mechanical stability of membranes and retention upon the filtration of polar and nonpolar solvents. These polymers are widely used to prepare the composite membranes with a thin selective layer on a porous support.…”