Optimisation of children z-score calculation based on new statistical techniques

Martínez-Millana, Antonio; Hulst, Jessie M.; Boon, Mieke; Witters, Peter; Fernández-Llatas, Carlos; Asseiceira, I.; Calvo-Lerma, Joaquim; Basagoiti, I.; Boeck, K. De; Ribes-Koninckx, Carmen

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0208362

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The patients with either hypospadias or UDT had measurements of weight, body length, and body mass index measured during their outpatient visits and a set of SBD, AGD, and penile length measurements taken under general anesthesia just before the commencement of the surgical procedure. The standard deviation scores (SDS) of these various parameters were electronically correlated to the z -score values [ 15 ] as per the age of the patients. AGD was measured from the junction between the junction of the rugated hyperpigmented skin of the scrotum and the smooth perineal skin anteriorly to the center-point of the anal verge posteriorly [ 16 ] using digital calipers (Trossen Robotics, IL) (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrotal base distance: A new key genital measurement in males with hypospadias and cryptorchidism

Abbas¹,

Ali²

2021

Current Urology

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Background: Anogenital distance (AGD) in both humans and animals is a known reflection of fetal endocrine effect on genital virilization and the related abnormalities, including cryptorchidism and hypospadias. However, we introduce here and investigate scrotal base distance (SBD) as a sensitive genital anthropometric biomarker in human infants with cryptorchidism and hypospadias, which are considered early manifestations of testicular dysgenesis syndrome. We aim to assess SBD in patients with cryptorchidism or hypospadias against healthy subjects. Material and methods: Patients with hypospadias (n = 61, age 17.4 ± 6.3 months) or cryptorchidism (n = 51, age 11.4 ± 4.8 months) were enrolled for assessment of SBD, AGD, and penile length; and compared with a cohort of 102 full-term healthy boys for standard ritual circumcision by measuring age-specific standard deviation scores. Results: Patients having hypospadias had lower mean SBD, AGD, and penile length standard deviation scores than the control group ( p < 0.01). These values in patients with cryptorchidism were longer than mean values in boys with hypospadias ( p < 0.01) and shorter than mean values in the control group. Conclusions: We showed that SBD, AGD, and penile length were lower in patients with cryptorchidism or hypospadias compared to normative data measured from a control group of healthy boys for ritual circumcision. These results enforce the use of SBD as an objective anthropometric measurement and a viable biomarker to assess the effects of fetal endocrine imbalance on male external genitalia development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrotal base distance: A new key genital measurement in males with hypospadias and cryptorchidism

Abbas¹,

Ali²

2021

Current Urology

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“…Height was measured to the nearest half centimetre using a standard wall mounted stature meter -MCP 2m/200CM Roll Ruler Wall Mounted Growth Stature Meter manufactured by Medicare Products Inc from India. The BMI was calculated and converted to Z-scores using the method proposed by WHO 8 . Children with BMI >2Z score were classified as obese, between 1 to 2Z score as overweight, between -2 to + 1Z score as normal, < -2Z score as thinness and < -3Z score as severe thinness as per WHO classification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst primary school children in Puducherry

Anand

Palanisamy

Chandramohan

2021

Sri Lanka J Child Health

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Background: Globally, there is a steep escalation in the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity. Obesity during childhood is known to be related to diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease in adulthood Objective: To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6-12 year old children in Puducherry and thereby educate them with the importance of following a healthy lifestyle. Method:The study included 720 6-12 year old children, from the urban and rural zones, including both government and private schools. The body mass index (BMI) of students was converted to Zscores using the method proposed by WHO. The distribution of students as per age, gender and BMI were calculated by applying the Chi-square test. Significance level was set at p<0.05.Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence in the study group was 13.9% and 7.3% respectively (p<0.001). A significant association of the age of students (p<0.001) with their BMI status was noted. Among the government schools, 41 (11%) and 24 (7%) students were overweight and obese respectively. In private schools, 54 (15%) and 33 (9%) students were overweight and obese respectively. Children from urban schools did not have a significantly higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in comparison with those from rural schools (p=1.0).

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“…There were differences in the range of attributes in the popularity index variable and item contribution margin, so data transformation was needed [40]. The data transformation method in this modeling used Z-score normalization, a method for normalizing data based on the average distribution and distribution of data in the sample [41], [42]. The Z-Score Normalization formula is seen in Formula (3).…”

Section: A Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proposed Classification Method in Menu Engineering Using the K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm

Setiyawati¹

2021

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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In the culinary business, the menu is crucial; therefore, the performance of each menu needs to be known to maintain business continuity. Menu engineering is a special technique used to see the performance comparison of each menu item. This research proposes modeling menu engineering with a new approach in classifying menu items using the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm using the sales training data of sales data in 2019 belonging to one of the micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in the culinary subsector in Salatiga, Indonesia. In the modeling, the popularity index (menu mix) and item contribution margin are used as variables, while the menu item class is used as the label attribute of the classification. Determination of the k value in the k-NN algorithm was done by the experimental method so that it produces the most optimal k based on the highest accuracy value, while the distance calculation on k-NN was done using euclidean distance. Evaluation of the model was done using 10-fold cross-validation with four performance evaluation criteria, namely weighted mean recall, weighted mean precision, accuracy, classification error. Based on the evaluation results, an accuracy of 96.84% was obtained; thus, the proposed model is considered to have given good and accurate results. This proposed model has been implemented in MSME sales data to classify menu items. The results of this classification were used as a basis for recommending menu engineering strategies to MSMEs.

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Optimisation of children z-score calculation based on new statistical techniques

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Scrotal base distance: A new key genital measurement in males with hypospadias and cryptorchidism

Scrotal base distance: A new key genital measurement in males with hypospadias and cryptorchidism

A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst primary school children in Puducherry

A Proposed Classification Method in Menu Engineering Using the K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm

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