Optimisation of electrospinning parameter for Poly(<i>L</i>-lactic) acid (PLLA) electrospun nanofiber

Urea is the most common form of nitrogenous fertiliser. Recently, research has focused on the development of delivery systems to prolong fertiliser release and prevent fertiliser loss through leaching and volatilization. This study investigates and compares single- and double-layered hollow nanofibrous yarns as novel delivery systems to encapsulate and release urea. Single-layered hollow poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibre yarns loaded with urea fertiliser were fabricated using a customized electrospinning. Double-layered hollow nanofibre yarns were produced by electrospinning polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) nanofibres as an outer layer, with urea-impregnated PLLA nanofibres as the inner layer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to characterize the morphology of hollow electrospun nanofibre yarns. A total nitrogen instrument (TNM-1) was used to study the urea release from single- and double-layered hollow nanofibres yarn in water. A Carbon:Nitrogen (CN) elemental analyser determined encapsulated nitrogen in PLLA nanofibres samples. Results indicated that urea-impregnated double-layered hollow nanofibre yarns significantly started nitrogen releasing at much lower amount during first 12 h compared to single-layered hollow nanofibre yarns (P value = 0.000). In conclusion, double-layered hollow nanofibre yarn has potential as an effective alternative to current methods for the slow release of fertilisers and other plant-required chemicals.

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“…1; Table 1). Uniformly produced electrospun nanofibres indicated that electrospinning parameters were optimized accurately [18][19][20][21] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of slow release of urea from biodegradable single- and double-layered hollow nanofibre yarns

Javazmi

Löw

Ash

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Natural fiber is an eco-friendly resource obtained from wood [ 1 ], bamboo [ 2 ], and agricultural waste [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ] such as straw [ 7 ] that comprises cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and aromatics, waxes and other lipids, ash, and water-soluble compounds [ 8 ]. It is biodegradable, sustainable, economically viable, low density and possesses good specific strengths and moduli [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Both the natural filler and polymer matrix used in this study are fully biodegradable at the end of their life cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Physico-Mechanical Properties on Oil Extracted Ground Coffee Waste Reinforced Polyethylene Composite

et al. 2022

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The current work discusses ground coffee waste (GCW) reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composite. GCW underwent two types of treatment (oil extraction, and oil extraction followed by mercerization). The composites were prepared using stacking HDPE film and GCW, followed by hot compression molding with different GCW particle loadings (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). Particle loadings of 5% and 10% of the treated GCW composites exhibited the optimum level for this particular type of composite, whereby their mechanical and thermal properties were improved compared to untreated GCW composite (UGC). SEM fracture analysis showed better adhesion between HDPE and treated GCW. The FTIR conducted proved the removal of unwanted impurities and reduction in water absorption after the treatment. Specific tensile modulus improved for OGC at 5 vol% particle loading. The highest impact energy absorbed was obtained by OGC with a 16% increment. This lightweight and environmentally friendly composite has potential in high-end packaging, internal automotive parts, lightweight furniture, and other composite engineering applications.

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“…Specifically, acetone as a solvent for PCL was eliminated and polymer concentration was lowered for all materials. Several sources cite this as a method by which fiber diameter can be reduced in electrospun scaffolds 107,126,128,129 . Additionally, the tPU manufacturer recommended polymer solutions between 2 and 7 wt.%.…”

Section: Second Flexible Polymer Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and Reducing Variability, Improving Scaffold Morphology, and Investigating Alternative Materials for the Blood Vessel Mimic Lab Electrospinning Process

Dowey¹

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The work of the Cal Poly Tissue Engineering Lab is primarily focused on the fabrication, characterization, and improvement of "Blood Vessel Mimics" (BVMs), tissue engineered constructs used to evaluate cellular response to vascular medical devices. Currently, cells are grown onto fibrous, porous tubes made using an in-house electrospinning process from PLGA, a biocompatible co-polymer. The adhesion and proliferation of cells in a BVM is reliant on the micro-scale structure of the PLGA scaffold, and as such it is of great importance for the electrospinning process to consistently produce scaffolds of similar morphologies. Additionally, it has been shown that cell proliferation increases with scaffolds of smaller fibers and pores than the current electrospinning protocol can produce. Finally, the Tissue Engineering Lab has interest in testing devices in more tortuous BVM bioreactor designs, however the use of relatively rigid PLGA scaffolds has severely limited the ability to construct more complicated vessel geometries. v protocol were identified and subsequently altered to improve consistency and usability. Specifically, this included redefining the precision with which PLGA mass was measured, repositioning electrical equipment to reduce the effect of stray electrostatic forces on the polymer solution jet, attempting to control the temperature and humidity inside the electrospinning enclosure, and improving the ease with which scaffolds are removed from their mandrels through alternative mandrel surface treatments. In addition to overall process variability, the issue of scaffold shrinkage during BVM use was investigated and two possible treatments, exposure to either ethanol or elevated temperatures, were proposed based on previous electrospinning literature results. Each was tested for their effectiveness in mitigating shrinkage through exposure to BVM setup-mimicking conditions. It was found that both treatments reduced scaffold shrinkage compared to control samples when exposed to BVM setup-mimicking conditions. Finally, 3 flexible polymers were selected and electrospun to compare against typical PLGA results and to conduct a kink radius test as a metric for measuring flexibility as it pertains to the proposed BVM lab application. It was concluded that two types of thermoplastic polyurethane (tPU) were not acceptable electrospinning materials for use in the BVM lab. Additionally, while polycaprolactone (PCL) could be successfully electrospun it could not undergo the amount bending required for more tortuous BVM bioreactor designs without kinking.Overall, the work in this thesis provided insight into multiple scaffold characterization techniques, reduced overall electrospinning variability in the fabrication and use of PLGA scaffolds, and defined processing parameters that have been shown to yield scaffolds with smaller morphological features than all prior Tissue Engineering Lab work. By creating better, more effective scaffolds, researchers in the Tissue Engineering Lab can more accurately mimic the structur...

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Optimisation of electrospinning parameter for Poly(L-lactic) acid (PLLA) electrospun nanofiber

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Investigation of slow release of urea from biodegradable single- and double-layered hollow nanofibre yarns

Investigation of slow release of urea from biodegradable single- and double-layered hollow nanofibre yarns

Evaluation of Physico-Mechanical Properties on Oil Extracted Ground Coffee Waste Reinforced Polyethylene Composite

Identifying and Reducing Variability, Improving Scaffold Morphology, and Investigating Alternative Materials for the Blood Vessel Mimic Lab Electrospinning Process

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