Optimisation of energy absorbing liner for equestrian helmets. Part I: Layered foam liner

Rueda, Manuel A. Forero; Cui, Liang; Gilchrist, Michael D.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.03.037

Cited by 78 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…One homogeneous and three different multi-layered foam samples with a size of approximately 30 Â 30 Â 30 mm 3 were manufactured for this study and their characteristics are presented in the Table 2. The thickness of the three layers is equal to one third of the sample thickness.…”

Section: Experiments E Quasistatic Compressive Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following a first elastic stage, a great amount of energy of the impact can be dissipated by foams during the stress plateau [2]. Recently, energy absorption capacity of foams has been enhanced by using layered [3] or functionally graded [4e6] foams. Several studies have been reported on different kinds of expanded materials such as polyurethane [1], polystyrene [3e5] or syntactic epoxy [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact on multi-layered polypropylene foams

Mahéo

Viot

2013

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. a b s t r a c tFoams, and particularly the polypropylene foam, are more and more often used in the area of injury protection and passive safety for its energy absorption capacity. This multi-scale material is constituted of mesoscopic beads with a large variability of the material properties. To study the effects of these mesoscopic heterogeneities on both the macroscopic and the local behaviors, numerical simulations on virtual volumes of foam under dynamic loading have been performed. The influence of the organized system of heterogeneities has also been studied in the cases of a random distribution and a multi-layered volume. Experimental dynamic compressive tests have been performed on multi-layered volumes of foam and compared with the results of the Finite Element Method.

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Section: Experiments E Quasistatic Compressive Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact on multi-layered polypropylene foams

Mahéo

Viot

2013

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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“…Recently, in the studies by Forero Rueda et al (2009) and Cui et al (2009a), equestrian helmets have begun to be analysed with computational methods. The helmet performance was analysed not only by headform linear acceleration as in the current equestrian helmet standards (NSAI 1997(NSAI , 2005, but also in terms of the internal behaviour of the helmet liner material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modelling of equestrian helmet impacts exposes the need to address rotational kinematics in future helmet designs

Rueda

Cui

Gilchrist

2010

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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Jockey head injuries, especially concussions, are common in horse racing. Current helmets do help reduce the severity and incidences of head injury, but the high concussion incidence suggests that there may be scope to further improve the performance of equestrian helmets. Finite element simulations in ABAQUS/Explicit were used to model a realistic helmet model during standard helmeted rigid headform impacts and helmeted head model (UCDBTM) impacts. Current helmet standards determine helmet performance based solely on linear acceleration. Brain injury related values (stress and strain) from the UCDBTM showed that a performance improvement based on linear acceleration does not imply the same improvement in head injury related brain tissue loads. It is recommended to include angular kinematics in future equestrian helmet standards, as angular acceleration was seen to correlate with stress and strain in the brain.

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“…The laboratory tests were done on three impact locations on the helmet and the impact simulations were done to mimic these impact locations. The helmet model used is the same one as the one used in previous studied by the authors 17,19,20 .…”

Section: Helmet Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational analysis and design of components of protective helmets

Rueda

Gilchrist

2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

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Computer methods can assist in understanding the behaviour of the individual components of a helmet, beyond merely the headform output as is usually done in a laboratory environment or for test--house certification purposes. This design study uses a method that we have previously used to analyse the effects of helmet liner material properties. While the helmet liner is of vital importance for energy absorption, other design modifications can also serve to improve its performance. The equestrian helmet model previously developed and analysed by the authors was used in this study. The helmet shell and geometric factors such as a gap between the liner and shell, ventilation holes and ridges on the helmet liner were studied to observe their influence on helmet performance. By studying helmet design variations in terms of different variables other than headform linear acceleration, it is possible to determine which helmet configurations perform better, why they perform the way they do and how efficiently they perform. This can assist the product design and optimization process by suggesting models which would optimise cost, weight and helmet size.

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Optimisation of energy absorbing liner for equestrian helmets. Part I: Layered foam liner

Cited by 78 publications

References 36 publications

Impact on multi-layered polypropylene foams

Impact on multi-layered polypropylene foams

Finite element modelling of equestrian helmet impacts exposes the need to address rotational kinematics in future helmet designs

Computational analysis and design of components of protective helmets

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