Optimisation of oven-drying of baobab leaves using a central composite design

Gbaguidi, A.M.; Chadaré, Flora Josiane; Salako, V.K.; Idohou, Y.O.V.; Assogbadjo, A.E.

doi:10.4314/acsj.v28i1.2s

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…The moisture ratio and drying rate of the celery were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM), and a second-order polynomial equation was used to optimize the process conditions. In the study by Gbaguidi et al, a CCD was used to optimize the ovendrying temperature and duration for the preservation of baobab leaf powder [41]. The study aimed to improve the availability and shelf life of the product.…”

Section: Drying Parameters and Specific Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Use of Microwaves and Airborne Ultrasound in the Convective Drying of Kale: Process Efficiency and Product Characteristics

Mierzwa,

Szadzińska

2023

Sustainability

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This study evaluated different hybrid drying modes, combining traditional convective drying with microwave radiation and airborne ultrasound for the dehydration of green leafy vegetables. The central composite design method was used to analyze the impact of microwave and ultrasonic waves on kinetics, energy consumption, and various quality parameters, like color, ascorbic acid, polyphenol, carotenoid, and chlorophyll content in Brassica oleracea, var. acephala. The results of the applied experimental design, i.e., the surface response methodology, showed that the application of microwaves and ultrasound decreased the drying time considerably and enhanced the moisture evaporation from the kale leaves, significantly improving the drying rate and energy efficiency. The drying rate increase demonstrated varying results with changes in air temperature. Specifically, ultrasound resulted in a 69–100% increase, microwaves in a 430–698% increase, and a combination of ultrasound and microwaves in a 463–950% increase at 70 and 50 °C, respectively. Specific energy consumption decreased by 42–51% for ultrasound, 80–87% for microwaves, and 82–90% for ultrasound and microwaves at 70 and 50 °C, respectively. The drying parameters were also found to be better at a higher temperature, but the increase in the drying rate caused by microwaves and ultrasound was notably lower. Moreover, the analysis of the key kinetic parameters and material qualities led to the conclusion that the synergistic action of microwave- and ultrasound-assisted convection contributes to better drying effectiveness and product quality, demonstrating greater retention of vitamin C, phenolics, and natural dyes of up to 90%.

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Section: Drying Parameters and Specific Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Use of Microwaves and Airborne Ultrasound in the Convective Drying of Kale: Process Efficiency and Product Characteristics

Mierzwa,

Szadzińska

2023

Sustainability

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Factors Affecting Consumption Patterns of Neglected and Underutilized Species in Atacora, Northern Benin

Bankole,

Bodjrenou,

Bodecker

et al. 2024

Food Nutr Bull

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Background Many recent efforts focus on promoting neglected and underutilized species (NUS) for improved nutrition, but consumption depends on various factors. Objective With this in mind, this study aims to understand the factors associated with the consumption patterns of Adansonia digitata, Ocimum gratissimum, Vigna radiata, and Moringa oleifera by households in Atacora, northern Benin. Methods To achieve this, a food consumption survey was carried out in three (03) communes. Two villages per commune were randomly selected to carry out the food consumption frequencies of households through a 7-day recall for periods of abundance and scarcity. A multinomial regression model was used to explain the consumption frequency of species depending on socio-demographic factors and seasonality. Results Different parts of these different species targeted were used in various forms to prepare sauces, porridges, juices, etc. Baobab- and moringa-based foods appeared to be the most widely consumed foods, regardless of the season. Even though fresh moringa leaves sauce and baobab seeds sauce were consumed mostly in periods of scarcity. The probability of rarely consuming foods made from these species was lower for households living in Toucoutouna and Tanguiéta compared to Natitingou. Furthermore, the consumption of these foods was usually higher for mothers who were students, hairdressers or seamstresses compared to housewives ( P < 0.05). Conclusion The consumption patterns then vary from species to species and are influenced by demographic factors such as household location and mother's occupation. Promoting NUS among the population is essential to increase awareness of their nutritional importance and improve their consumption.

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Evaluation of the Nutritional Impact of Baobab Leaves (Adansonia digitata L.) as a Dietary Intervention to Combat Nutrient Deficiencies and Poverty-Related Health Problems

Ahmed,

Mozzon,

Dawod

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background/Objectives: Baobab (Adansonia digitate L.) is an underutilized species and edible parts (fruits, leaves and seeds) contribute to food security and human health in tropical areas. Although the fruits have attracted greater research interest and have recently been approved for consumption in EU countries, the leaves are traditionally consumed but they have yet to be studied from an interventional perspective. The aim of this study was to propose a protocol for a dietary intervention using baobab leaves (BLs) to achieve the recommended reference values for proteins and minerals (K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn) for different target groups of the Sudanese population. Methods: Dry matter, crude fat, protein and ash content, mineral content (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Mn), total phenolic, and flavonoid compounds were determined in BLs from six different areas. To assess the health and nutrition status in Sudan, time-series data (2013–2023) from the DataBank Health Nutrition and Population Statistics database were used. The reference values for nutrients recommended by the European Food Safety Authority were used to estimate the amount of baobab leaf intake (BLI, g/day). Results: For each nutrient, the study area with the lowest amount of BLs to be consumed is recommended. Leaves from the area of El Gari (BN3) 18.312 g/day and 30.712 g/day are recommended for K and Ca, which are particularly beneficial for children aged 1–3 years and lactating women. Leaves from Kor Tagat (KR1) are suitable for sodium intake, requiring approximately 13–23 g/day across all age groups. Leaves from Kazgil (KR2) (46–81 g/day), (35–66 g/day), (0.48–0.68 g/day), and (4–6 g/day) are optimal for fulfilling the daily requirements of magnesium, iron, manganese, and protein in this order. Conclusions: The systematic inclusion of BLs in the diet can positively support the nutritional status of various demographics. Moreover, the findings of this study demonstrated the foundation for public health and nutritional policy-makers on how they will tackle malnutrition and food insecurity worldwide by incorporating naturally available diets and nutritious alternatives. Recommendation: Further research should focus on assessing the nutritional composition factors that could affect the absorption of nutrients such as phytates and oxalates and investigating the in vitro bioavailability of the elements.

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Optimisation of oven-drying of baobab leaves using a central composite design

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

An Investigation of the Use of Microwaves and Airborne Ultrasound in the Convective Drying of Kale: Process Efficiency and Product Characteristics

An Investigation of the Use of Microwaves and Airborne Ultrasound in the Convective Drying of Kale: Process Efficiency and Product Characteristics

Factors Affecting Consumption Patterns of Neglected and Underutilized Species in Atacora, Northern Benin

Evaluation of the Nutritional Impact of Baobab Leaves (Adansonia digitata L.) as a Dietary Intervention to Combat Nutrient Deficiencies and Poverty-Related Health Problems

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