Optimisation of Scatter Radiation to Staff During Ct-Fluoroscopy: Monte Carlo Studies

Gyekye, Prince Kwabena; Becker, F.; Mensah, S. Y.; Emi-Reynolds, G.

doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw135

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…CT has become commonly used in recent years for "treatment" purposes, such as tissue biopsy and drainage. Several reports have examined occupational dose to the lens of the eye in physicians performing these procedures [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23] (Table 1), and special protective equipment and their effects in dose reduction [22,24,25,26]. However, while reports have already investigated nurses assisting pediatric patients in the CT room during CT scans for "diagnostic" purposes [27] or in phantom experiments [28,29], no reports have described direct measurement in medical staff assisting adult patients undergoing high-dose imaging procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational radiation dose to the lens of the eye of medical staff who assist in diagnostic CT scans

Nagamoto

Moritake

Nakagami

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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We investigated occupational dose to the lens of the eye for CT-assisting personnel for diagnostic purposes using a radio-photoluminescent glass dosimeter (RPLD) and evaluate compliance with the new equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye (20 mSv/year). Further, we proposed the implementation of "multiple protective measures" and estimated its effect. Method: An eye lens dosimeter clip was developed specifically to attach RPLDs inside radiation safety glasses in an L-shape. Using a total of six RPLDs attached to the radiation safety glasses, the 3-mm dose-equivalent (H p (3)) to the lens of the eye for medical staff (n ¼ 11; 6 intensive care physicians, 2 pediatricians, 3 radiological technologists) who assisted patients during CT scan for "diagnostic" purpose (n ¼ 91) was measured. We evaluated the dose reduction efficiencies with radiation safety glasses and bag-valve-mask extension tube. We also estimated the protection efficiency with radiation protection curtain introduced in front of the staff's face via the phantom experiment. Results: Without wearing radiation safety glasses, H p (3) to the lens of the eye was greatest for intensive care physicians (0.49 mSv/procedure; allowing 40 procedures to be performed annually), followed by pediatricians (0.30 mSv/procedure; 66 procedures annually) and radiological technologists (0.28 mSv/procedure; 71 procedures annually). Use of each type of protective tools: radiation safety glasses (0.07-mm-Pb), bag-valve-mask extension tube (20 cm) and radiation protective curtain (0.25-mm-Pb), reduced H p (3) to the lens of the eye by 51%, 31% and 61%, respectively. Conclusion: Intensive care physicians perform most assisted ventilations with the bag-valve-mask during "diagnostic" CT scans, and may exceed the equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye if radiation safety glasses are not worn. If "multiple protective measures" are implemented, compliance with the equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye should be achievable without placing significant burdens on physicians or medical institutions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational radiation dose to the lens of the eye of medical staff who assist in diagnostic CT scans

Nagamoto

Moritake

Nakagami

et al. 2021

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, pediatric patients and those with frequent body movement may be assisted during routine outpatient CT examinations. Several studies reported on surgeon's lens exposure during CT fluoroscopy and interventional radiology (IR) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Moreover, Suzuki et al determined the occupational dose to the eye lens of the CT-assisting radiologic technologists (RTs) using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between assistant’s lens exposure and dose information during computed tomography examinations

Ito,

Matsubara,

Kobayashi

et al. 2024

J. Radiol. Prot.

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According to International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP), the equivalent dose limit for the eye lens for occupational exposure is recommended to be 20 mSv/y, averaged over 5 years, with no single year above 50 mSv. Some studies reported the measurement of assistant’s lens exposure in diagnostic computed tomography (CT) examinations, but further investigation is still required in the association between the lens dose for assistants and various dose parameters. Therefore, we measured the assistant’s lens exposure using small optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters. The type of occupation, type of assistance, total scan time, total mAs, total scan length, and dose-length product (DLP) were recorded and analyzed in association with air kerma at the lens position. The assistance was classified into four types: “assisted ventilation,” “head holding,” “body holding,” and “raising patient’s arm.” The air kerma of lens position was not significantly different for each assistance type (p < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). Further, the lens doses for assistants correlated with DLP, but with various strengths of correlation with the assistance type and were influenced by the distance from the CT gantry. In conclusion, lens dose during assistance and DLP demonstrated the strongest correlation. “Raising patient’s arm” and “head holding” exhibited stronger correlations, which required less table movement during the CT scan than “assisted ventilation” and “body holding.”

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“…However, reports on the exposure assessment and radiation protection of medical staff at the time of assistance of CT imaging were less than those for CT fluoroscopy (Suzuki et al 1997, 2001, Iida et al 2002, Tomita and Morozumi 2004, Neeman et al 2006, Heusch et al 2014, Nils et al 2015, Gyekye et al 2016, Fabian et al 2020, Siru et al 2021. During CT scans in the emergency department, medical staff are exposed scattered radiation by assisting CT examinations for various reasons, such as head holding, ventilation, and body movement suppression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of a lead-acrylic shield for reducing lens dose of assistant in x-ray CT examination

Ito¹,

Matsubara²,

Kobayashi³

et al. 2022

J. Radiol. Prot.

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In CT examinations, the usefulness of protective glasses for reducing lens exposure to assistants has been reported. The present study aimed to compare the dose reduction effect for assistants with lead-acrylic shields and protective glasses (0.07 mmPb, 0.5 mmPb) during CT examination. The air dose distribution in a CT examination room with and without a lead-acrylic shield was compared. It was found that the amount of scattered radiation was significantly reduced by installing a lead-acrylic shield at the CT gantry aperture. Moreover, the reduction rate of air kerma at the assistant's lens was higher using the lead acrylic shield than with the protective glasses—95.7% during head holding and 76.1% during assisted ventilation.

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Optimisation of Scatter Radiation to Staff During Ct-Fluoroscopy: Monte Carlo Studies

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Occupational radiation dose to the lens of the eye of medical staff who assist in diagnostic CT scans

Occupational radiation dose to the lens of the eye of medical staff who assist in diagnostic CT scans

Relationship between assistant’s lens exposure and dose information during computed tomography examinations

Usefulness of a lead-acrylic shield for reducing lens dose of assistant in x-ray CT examination

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