Optimisation of the MAGAT gel dosimeter compositions

Razak, Nik Noor Ashikin Nik Ab; Rahman, Azimah Abd; Kandaiya, S.; Mustafa, Ilham; Mahmoud, A'sad Al; Yahaya, N.Z.

doi:10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.14.4.305

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The MAGAT gel was composed of 5% w/w gelatin, 6% w/w MAA, 10 mM THPC, and 89% w/w deionized water, as reported by Razak et al to provide the highest sensitivity. 24 Gelatin was slowly poured into the deionized water heated to 80 • C on a hot plate and magnetic stirrer device, and the mixture was continuously stirred using a magnetic bar until complete dissolution to produce a transparent solution. The temperature of gelatin solution must be kept as close as room temperature (i.e., 25 • C) when mixing the monomers to avoid thermal-polymerization that may be caused due to the temperature of the solution.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Magat Gel Phantommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Another advantage is the higher radiation sensitivity than that of other polymer gels such as MAGAS, MAGIC, PAGAT, VIPAR, HEA. 22 , 23 , 24 Additionally, the MAGAT gel can be manufactured in‐house at a low cost under conditions of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and light. In addition, this study also aims to evaluate a utility of MAGAT gel for star shot analysis for conventional Linac to assess radiation isocentricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LD 50 for mice of methacrylic acid (MAA) in MAGAT gel is 8.4 g/kg and it is less toxic than acrylamide in PAGAT gel 22 . Another advantage is the higher radiation sensitivity than that of other polymer gels such as MAGAS, MAGIC, PAGAT, VIPAR, HEA 22–24 . Additionally, the MAGAT gel can be manufactured in‐house at a low cost under conditions of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D star shot analysis using MAGAT gel dosimeter for integrated imaging and radiation isocenter verification of MR‐Linac system

Kim

Shin

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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This study aims to investigate a star shot analysis using a threedimensional (3D) gel dosimeter for the imaging and radiation isocenter verification of a magnetic resonance linear accelerator (MR-Linac). Methods: A mixture of methacrylic acid, gelatin, and tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride, called MAGAT gel, was fabricated. One MAGAT gel for each Linac and MR-Linac was irradiated under six gantry angles. A 6 MV photon beam of Linac and a 6 MV flattening filter free beam of MR-Linac were delivered to two MAGAT gels and EBT3 films. MR images were acquired by MR-Linac with a clinical sequence (i.e., TrueFISP). The 3D star shot analysis for seven consecutive slices of the MR images with TrueFISP was performed. The 2D star shot analysis for the central plane of the gel was compared to the results from the EBT3 films. The radius of isocircle (IC r ) and the distance between the center of the circle and the center marked on the image (IC d ) were evaluated. Results: For MR-Linac with MAGAT gel measurements, IC d at the central plane was 0.46 mm for TrueFISP. Compared to EBT3 film measurements, the differences in IC d and IC r for both Linac and MR-Linac were within 0.11 and 0.13 mm, respectively. For the 3D analysis, seven consecutive slices of TrueFISP images were analyzed and the maximum radii of isocircles (IC r_max ) were 0.18 mm for Linac and 0.73 mm for MR-Linac. The tilting angles of radiation axis were 0.31 • for Linac and 0.10 • for MR-Linac. Conclusion:The accuracy of 3D star shot analysis using MAGAT gel was comparable to that of EBT3 film, having a capability for integrated analysis for imaging isocenter and radiation isocenter.3D star shot analysis using MAGAT gel can provide 3D information of radiation isocenter, suggesting a quantitative extent of gantry-tilting.

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Section: Fabrication Of Magat Gel Phantommentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D star shot analysis using MAGAT gel dosimeter for integrated imaging and radiation isocenter verification of MR‐Linac system

Kim

Shin

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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“…52015) and zinc oxide nanoparticle of size 20 nm (MK Nano). The MAGAT gel was prepared under standard atmospheric according to Razak et al, (14,15) . The gelatin is first blended with purified water in a mixing beaker and continuously stirred at approximately 48 °C until a completely dissolved and uniform solution is achieved.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Magat Gel Dosimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological properties and structural morphology of different MAGAT gel dosimeters formulation

Al-Asady

Razak²,

Zin³

et al. 2022

Int J Radiat Res

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Background: : One of the most important qualities of a radiation dosimeter is tissueequivalent, which represents radiation absorption and scattering that is similar to that of human tissue. The goal of this study is to determine the radiological and structural properties of several MAGAT gel dosimeter formulations prior to irradiation. This will provide a basis on how radiation properties altered prior to irradiation, which will later affect radiation absorption behaviour. Materials and Methods: Radiological properties of different MAGAT gel formulations (MAGAT, MAGAT doped methylene blue, MAGAT doped zinc oxide nanoparticles, MAGAT dope methylene blue and zinc oxide nanoparticles) were measured from density, linear attenuation coefficients, mass attenuation coefficients and CT values. The results were compared to soft tissue and water as references. The gel's morphological structures were investigated using electron microscopy for better understanding of gel's absorption mechanism. Results: The mass density of all MAGAT gel formulations differed by up to 2.5% from that of water and are very close to that of muscle tissue. This is due to the high gelatin and monomer concentration used in MAGAT gel formulation. The CT-values, furthermore, are within the soft tissue range. The MAGAT doped with methylene blue and ZnO NPs demonstrated the greatest increase in linear attenuation value, as well as having a nano spider-web morphological structure with a large surface area, which may have increased gel sensitivity and attenuation coefficients of MAGAT gel. Conclusion: Different MAGAT gel formulations were found to exhibit similar radiological properties to soft tissues and water.

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“…monômeros radicais que são absorvidos pelas moléculas de gelatina, terminando assim o processo de polimerização(Baldock et al, 2011).Isto posto, verificamos que o THPC aumentou a sensibilidade do dosímetro gel, comprovando que se trata de um antioxidante mais eficiente. Composição dos dosímetros utilizados na análise das concentrações de ácido metacrílico Razak et al, 2016). usando o gel MAGAT com concentrações de até 4% de ácido metacrílico.…”

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Um estudo para otimização da formulação do dosímetro gel MAGIC-f e avaliação da sua reutilização

Resende¹

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Dedico esse trabalho aos meus familiares e todos que me deram suporte para chegar até aqui. Agradecimentos Primeiramente, gostaria de agradecer a minha orientadora, Profª. Drª.Juliana F. Pavoni, a qual me recebeu de braços abertos desde o primeiro instante que a contatei e sua ajuda foi de imensa importante para a realização desse trabalho. Agradeço a todos os profissionais envolvidos, de alguma forma, nesse trabalho. Os físicos e técnicos do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto, tanto no setor de Radioterapia quanto no de aquisição das Imagens de Ressonância Magnética. Mas, gostaria de dedicar um agradecimento especial ao Leandro, físico, por ser sempre prestativo e colaborador em todo o trabalho. Um grande parceiro por todo o percurso. Aos amigos de laboratório, por todos os inúmeros suportes oferecidos e os momentos de distração e risadas na salinha do café. Obrigado meus amigos. Agradeço aos órgãos de fomento, FAPESP e CAPES, que propiciaram a realização desse trabalho. Agradeço também pelo suporte familiar recebido, a compreensão sobre a ausência e o carinho recebido sempre. Aos amigos feitos em Ribeirão Preto, que ajudaram nesse período de estadia aqui nesta cidade ao qual era, para mim, desconhecida. E por último, mas não menos importante, agradeço a Deus, sempre. Resumo Resende, T. D. Um estudo para otimização da formulação do dosímetro gel MAGIC-f e avaliação da sua reutilização. 2017. 88f.

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Optimisation of the MAGAT gel dosimeter compositions

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

3D star shot analysis using MAGAT gel dosimeter for integrated imaging and radiation isocenter verification of MR‐Linac system

3D star shot analysis using MAGAT gel dosimeter for integrated imaging and radiation isocenter verification of MR‐Linac system

Radiological properties and structural morphology of different MAGAT gel dosimeters formulation

Um estudo para otimização da formulação do dosímetro gel MAGIC-f e avaliação da sua reutilização

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