Optimised control approach for frequency-control contribution of variable speed wind turbines

Zertek, A.; Verbič, Gregor; Pantoš, Miloš

doi:10.1049/iet-rpg.2010.0233

Cited by 92 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The scale coefficient (kopt) of the maximum power point tracking curve used in the converter control strategy is updated in real time based on the frequency deviation (Δf) of the grid side as follows [18]:…”

Section: Optimal Power Tracing Control (Optc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Virtual inertia technology introduces the deviation of the system frequency to the control system of wind turbines, thereby releasing the hidden rotational kinetic energy for rapid power control during frequency fluctuations, which provides a threat for using WPG as a black start source. Existing virtual inertia control strategies include accessional power outer-loop control [17], optimal power tracing control [18] and accessional pitch angle control [19], among them, accessional power outer-loop control can make the rotor speed of the wind turbine no longer coupled with the grid frequency, but it can only provide a very short frequency support for the power grid, and has no contribution to reducing the frequency steady-state error; optimal power tracing control changes the power tracking curve to optimize the power tracking characteristics of the wind turbine when the grid frequency changes, thus releasing the hidden kinetic energy of the wind turbine to achieve the purpose of adjusting the frequency; however, it sacrifices the utilization rate of wind energy and reduces the economic benefits of wind power generation (WPG); accessional pitch angle control obtains the reserve capacity by adjusting the pitch angle of the wind turbine, the adjustment of the pitch angle is a mechanical process with a slower response speed, which is likely to cause the mechanical wear of the wind turbine as well, as it is not conducive to the economic operation of wind power generation (WPG). In view of the peculiarities of black start, the suitability of these strategies must be analyzed and improvement works must be performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Frequency Control Strategy for Black Starts via PMSG-Based Wind Power Generation

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The use of wind power generation (WPG) as a source for black starts will significantly enhance the resiliency of power systems and shorten their recovery time from blackouts. Given that frequency stability is the most serious issue during the initial recovery period, virtual inertia control can enable wind turbines to provide frequency support to an external system. In this study, a general procedure of WPG participating in black starts is presented, and the key issues are discussed. The adaptability of existing virtual inertia control strategies is analyzed, and improvement work is performed. A new coordinated frequency control strategy is proposed based on the presented improvement work. A local power network with a permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind farm is modeled and used to verify the effectiveness of the strategy.

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Section: Optimal Power Tracing Control (Optc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Control Strategy for Black Starts via PMSG-Based Wind Power Generation

et al. 2017

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“…The measurement wind speed is inaccurate and reliable due to the influences of the rotor effects in the real value of the wind speed [68]. The authors suggested using a combination of rotor speed control and pitch angle control in the low rated rotor speed region simultaneously [69].…”

Section: De-loading Techniques Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of this, the frequency regulation response in the offshore wind farm is slow and is unable to provide it with an appropriate quantity of active power to the rectifier-VSC. Various approaches have been proposed in [46,[69][70][71][72] to address this problem.…”

Section: De-loading Techniques Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Regulation Strategies in Grid Integrated Offshore Wind Turbines via VSC-HVDC Technology: A Review

2017

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Abstract:The inclusion of wind energy in a power system network is currently seeing a significant increase. However, this inclusion has resulted in degradation of the inertia response, which in turn seriously affects the stability of the power system's frequency. This problem can be solved by using an active power reserve to stabilize the frequency within an allowable limit in the event of a sudden load increment or the loss of generators. Active power reserves can be utilized via three approaches: (1) de-loading method (pitching or over-speeding) by a variable speed wind turbine (VSWT); (2) stored energy in the capacitors of voltage source converter-high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission; and (3) coordination of frequency regulation between the offshore wind farms and the VSC-HVDC transmission. This paper reviews the solutions that can be used to overcome problems related to the frequency stability of grid-integrated offshore wind turbines. It also details the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with full-scale back to back (B2B) converters, its corresponding control strategies, and a typical VSC-HVDC system with an associated control system. The control methods, both on the levels of a wind turbine and the VSC-HVDC system that participate in a system's primary frequency control and emulation inertia, are discussed.

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“…Much recent research attention has been directed towards frequency regulation by using the stored kinetic energy in the wind turbines [13][14][15][16][17]. The main drawback of this approach is that the wind turbines have to operate at speeds which will not allow the maximum harnessing of energy from the wind.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency control ancillary service provided by a wind farm: dual-BESS scheme

Yao

Choi

Tseng

et al. 2014

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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Network frequency control function is incorporated into a grid-connected wind farm-dual battery energy storage system (BESS) scheme. The design of the scheme takes advantage of the rapid response characteristics of the BESS and the in-built short-term overloading capability of the associated power conversion devices. A control strategy to regulate the BESS output power is then proposed. It is shown that the frequency control action offered by the BESS complements amicably with that of conventional generators in enhancing the frequency regulation attribute of the grid system.

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Optimised control approach for frequency-control contribution of variable speed wind turbines

Cited by 92 publications

References 19 publications

Frequency Control Strategy for Black Starts via PMSG-Based Wind Power Generation

Frequency Control Strategy for Black Starts via PMSG-Based Wind Power Generation

Frequency Regulation Strategies in Grid Integrated Offshore Wind Turbines via VSC-HVDC Technology: A Review

Frequency control ancillary service provided by a wind farm: dual-BESS scheme

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