Optimised Production of Xylanase by Aspergillus brasiliensis under Submerged Fermentation (SmF) and Its Purification Using a Two-step Column Chromatography

Recent Advancements of Fungal Xylanase Upstream Production and Downstream Processing

“…Precipitation -Protein precipitation is said to be one of the most important steps in early downstream processing systems. This method's main objective is to precipitate the desired enzyme from unwanted components, including small ions (Ho & Iylia, 2015). There are several methods to perform precipitation, but in this review, 3 will be covered, which include: using ammonium sulfate (Bhardwaj, Kumar, Agarwal, et al, 2019;Ding et al, 2018;Ho & Iylia, 2015), ethanol (Costa et al, 2018), and polyelectrolyte or polymer-protein complex formation (Podestá et al, 2019).…”

“…One of the most important factors that affect precipitation by ammonium sulfate is the concentration of the salt/ammonium sulfate itself. Ho & Iylia (2015) used 70% ammonium sulfate to purify xylanase from A. brasiliensis, resulting in a purification fold of 1.05 and recovery yield of 86.02% compared to its crude enzyme. Bhardwaj, Kumar, Agarwal, et al (2019) and Ding et al (2018), on the other hand, used found that 60% ammonium sulfate was optimal for xylanase purification of xylanase Aspergillus oryzae LC1 (purification fold 4.1 and recovery yield of 21%) and Pichia stipitis (purification fold 11.7 and recovery yield of 88.2%).…”

“…Bhardwaj, Kumar, Agarwal, et al (2019) and Ding et al (2018), on the other hand, used found that 60% ammonium sulfate was optimal for xylanase purification of xylanase Aspergillus oryzae LC1 (purification fold 4.1 and recovery yield of 21%) and Pichia stipitis (purification fold 11.7 and recovery yield of 88.2%). However, it is worth noting that different species and strains used for production affect its enzyme production and activity, which also affect its specific activity in the purification stage (Ho & Iylia, 2015). While this method is commonly used, it has some drawbacks such as the multi-stage nature of this method, which may cause loss of yield of the product, not to mention the need for high concentration of ammonium sulfate also contribute to the cost of the processing (Bhardwaj, Kumar, Agarwal, et al, 2019).…”

“…Precipitation with CHS resulted in PF of 5.6 using 0.05% w/v CHS at pH of 8, and incubation for 60 minutes at 8°C. Chromatography -Chromatography is another purification method, usually employed after ammonium precipitation or ultrafiltration to increase the purification factor (Adigüzel & Tunçer, 2016;Ding et al, 2018;Ho & Iylia, 2015).…”

Fibrolytic Activity of Podaxis Pistillaris Fungus in Submerged Culture

“…Finally, xylanases are responsible for hydrolyzing the xylans glycosidic linkages, which is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose (Ho and Iylia, 2015). Xylanases are used in the filtering process by the brewing industry, paper bleaching and by the bread bakery as a texturizer (Kanwar and Devi, 2012).…”