Optimism, pessimism, cynical hostility, and biomarkers of metabolic function in the Women's Health Initiative

Tindle, Hilary A.; Duncan, Meredith S.; Liu, Simin; Kuller, Lewis H.; Woods, Nancy Fúgate; Rapp, Steve; Coday, Mace; Loucks, Eric B.; LaMonte, Michael J.; Progovac, Ana M.; Salmoirago‐Blotcher, Elena; Yuo, Nai-Chieh Yuko; Freiberg, Matthew S.

doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12584

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…Pessimism has been linked to higher ambulatory blood pressure and greater daily experience of stress (Raikkonen, Matthews, Flory, Owens, & Gump, 1999). Pessimism has been linked to higher fasting insulin (Tindle et al, 2017), unhealthy lipid profiles (Boehm, Williams, Rimm, Ryff, & Kubzansky, 2013) and inflammatory biomarkers (Roy et al, 2010). It has also been suggested that optimism is associated with reduced hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity (Chida & Hamer, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimism appears to have a moderating role in the association between feelings of loss of hope and suicidal ideation (Hirsch & Conner, 2006). Several studies have found that optimism is associated with better physical health (Cauley et al, 2017;Matthews et al, 2004;Segovia, Moore, Linnville, & Hoyt, 2015;Tindle et al, 2017) and mental health (Brissette, Scheier, & Carver, 2002;Schou et al, 2004;Segovia et al, 2015;Shnek, Irvine, Stewart, & Abbey, 2001), although there are some exceptions (Gallagher et al, 2013). A recent study by Kim et al (2017) found an association between lower levels of optimism and mortality due to heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease and cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimists report fewer physical and mental health conditions than pessimists in the general Norwegian population

Bredal¹,

Bonsaksen²,

Heir³

et al. 2019

Health Psychology Report

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health psychology report • volume 7(1), 9 original article background Several studies have found that optimism is associated with better health. However, all those studies have investigated the subject in a specific context: gender, age group, diagnosis, situation, or population segment. Given the association found between optimism and physical health, mental health and well-being in previous studies, one would expect optimistic individuals in the general population to report fewer physical and mental health conditions during their lifetimes than pessimists. The aim of the present study was to test this hypothesis. participants and procedure A random sample of 1792 people participated in a survey on a broad variety of mental and physical health conditions. In addition they filled out the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Optimism was defined as a score of ≥ 17 on the LOT-R. results Optimists reported a lower prevalence of a wide range of mental and physical health conditions compared with pessimists. The associations between optimism and better health conditions persisted for the majority of health conditions investigated, even after adjustment for age, gender and education. Overall, pessimists had a greater estimated risk of disease in general. In addition 11.30% of the pessimists reported having had five or more different diseases during their lifetimes, compared with 3.90% of the optimists. conclusions Our results add to growing evidence that optimism plays an important role in health and support the view that fostering optimism is an appropriate strategy for promoting health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimists report fewer physical and mental health conditions than pessimists in the general Norwegian population

Bredal¹,

Bonsaksen²,

Heir³

et al. 2019

Health Psychology Report

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Significant associations between psychological attitudes and important health outcomes have been documented ( Progovac et al, 2017 , Puig-Perez et al, 2017 , Tindle et al, 2017 ). In this analysis we present findings based on quartile scores ( Tindle et al, 2009 , Hingle et al, 2014 , Yan et al, 2003 , Iribarren et al, 2000 , Scherwitz et al, 1992 ) for optimism and cynical hostility.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimism predicts sustained vigorous physical activity in postmenopausal women

Progovac

Donohue

Matthews

et al. 2017

Preventive Medicine Reports

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Optimism and cynical hostility are associated with health behaviors and health outcomes, including morbidity and mortality. This analysis assesses their association with longitudinal vigorous physical activity (PA) in postmenopausal women of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). Subjects include 73,485 women nationwide without history of cancer or cardiovascular disease (CVD), and no missing baseline optimism, cynical hostility, or PA data. The Life Orientation Test-Revised Scale measured optimism. A Cook Medley questionnaire subscale measured cynical hostility. Scale scores were divided into quartiles. Vigorous PA three times or more per week was assessed via self-report at study baseline (1994–1998) and through follow-up year 6. Descriptive analysis mapped lifetime trajectories of vigorous PA (recalled at ages 18, 25, 50; prospectively assessed at baseline, and 3 and 6 years later). Hierarchical generalized linear mixed models examined the prospective association between optimism, cynical hostility, and vigorous PA over 6 years. Models adjusted for baseline sociodemographic variables, psychosocial characteristics, and health conditions and behaviors. Vigorous PA rates were highest for most optimistic women, but fell for all women by approximately 60% between age 50 and study baseline. In adjusted models from baseline through year 6, most vs. least optimistic women were 15% more likely to exercise vigorously (p < 0.001). Cynical hostility was not associated with lower odds of longitudinal vigorous PA after adjustment. Results did not differ by race/ethnicity or socioeconomic status. Higher optimism is associated with maintaining vigorous PA over time in post-menopausal women, and may protect women's health over the lifespan.

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“…Their study reported that among 7,800 British men and women, optimism was not associated with incidence diabetes; however, significant associations between diabetes, life satisfaction, and emotional vitality were found. In a racially and ethnically diverse sample of 3,443 post-menopausal women, Tindle et al 29 found that optimism was negatively associated with insulin resistance in unadjusted analyses, but the association was not significant after adjustment for clinical factors and depressive symptoms. In our study, optimism was only associated with a lower prevalence of diabetes among men after adjustment for age.…”

Section: Optimismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the association of psychosocial resources with prevalent type 2 diabetes among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Glover

Bertoni

Golden

et al. 2019

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

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Aim: To examine the association of psychosocial resources with prevalent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 5,104 African American men and women. Methods: Using data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), we evaluated the cross-sectional associations of four psychosocial resources (social support, optimism, religiosity, and social networks) with T2D [fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, or use of diabetic medication]. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated prevalence ratios (PR, 95% confidence

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Optimism, pessimism, cynical hostility, and biomarkers of metabolic function in the Women's Health Initiative

Abstract: In multivariable models, higher dispositional pessimism was associated with worse metabolic function; these findings were not modified by obesity status. Results extend prior work by linking pessimism to an objective biomarker of insulin resistance in elderly women.

Cited by 19 publications

References 97 publications

Optimists report fewer physical and mental health conditions than pessimists in the general Norwegian population

Optimists report fewer physical and mental health conditions than pessimists in the general Norwegian population

Optimism predicts sustained vigorous physical activity in postmenopausal women

Sex differences in the association of psychosocial resources with prevalent type 2 diabetes among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

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